胃管注入不同药剂治疗粘连性肠梗阻的护理进展

Nursing Progress on the Treatment of Intestinal Obstruction by Injecting the Stomach Tube with Different Chemicals

摘要: 粘连性肠梗阻是腹腔内手术、炎症、创伤、出血、异物等引起的症状之一，临床上以术后引起的最常见，多由于手术中的机械刺激，胃肠道暴露时间过长，手术损伤引起的渗出等导致，是胃肠道手术患者常见的并发症之一。有资料报道，腹部外科手术后约90%有粘连，40%以上会发生粘连性肠梗阻^[1]，占肠梗阻的20%~ 40%^[2]。胃肠减压是治疗肠梗阻的有效措施之一^[3]。一旦发现患者有肠梗阻症状，要及时进行胃肠减压，吸出胃肠内的气体和液体，减轻患者腹胀，降低肠腔内的压力，减少肠腔内的细菌和毒素，改善肠壁血运。现综合文献，将通过胃管注入不同药剂来治疗粘连性肠梗阻的现状综述如下。

Abstract:  Intestinal obstruction is one of the symptoms caused by abdominal operation, inflammation, trauma, hemorrhage, foreign bodies. Mostly, because gastrointestinal tracts are exposed for too long and suffered from the mechanical stimulations and exudations in operation, intestinal obstruction has become one of the most common complications of the patients with gastrointestinal operation clinically. It is reported that there are about 90% patients getting adhesion after abdominal operation and more than 40% getting adhesive intestinal obstruction [1], which account for 20% - 40% in intestinal obstruction [2]. Gastrointestinal Decompression is one of the most effective measures for treating intestinal obstruction [3]. Once the patients appear the symptoms of intestinal obstruction, the gas and liquid of the intestine should be sucked out by Gastrointestinal Decompression. It can alleviate the abdomen distention, reduce the pressure, bacteria and toxins of intestinal, and improve blood circulation. From the general documents, reviews of the nursing progress on the treatment of intestinal obstruction by injecting the stomach tube with different chemicals are presented as follows.