基于矢量和栅格混合空间数据格式的重庆市城镇土地定级估价数据库系统研制

Research on Chongqing Land Grading and Standard Price Appraisal Information System Based on Mixed Vector-Raster Spatial Data Format

摘要: 随着当前计算机技术和信息技术的高速发展，土地定级估价已经作为土地管理行业的一门基础性工作，借助计算机技术和数据库技术，依托地理信息系统(GIS)平台建立的土地定级估价信息化管理系统，能够改变过去传统的手工操作方式，减少人为干预程度的同时提高运算速度及精度。由此，本研究创新性的提出了基于矢量和栅格混合空间数据格式的土地定级估价因素因子数据库，通过最小路径、九宫格领域算法计算得到同样基于矢量和栅格混合空间数据格式的土地定级估价过程数据库以及土地定级估价结果数据库。基于矢量和栅格的混合空间数据库和土地定级估价处理方式很好的弥补了国内的土地评估单位基本只采用基于矢量数据格式计算的土地定级估价信息系统计算量大，精度不高，以及数据不完整等方面的不足，为提高土地定级估价工作的效率和结果的精确性提供了更优化的选择。最后以重庆市主城区为例，验证了该数据库和土地定级估价算法的可行性，并形成了重庆市主城区土地等级和基准地价数据库。

Abstract: With the rapid development of computer and information technology, land grading and standard price appraisal is treated as a fundamental unit for land management. In order to change the traditional manual work process, reduce the human intervention, and increase the speed and accuracy of calculation, database technology must be added into this work and GIS based land grading and standard price appraisal database management platform must be established to meet this demand of land management. Due to this reason, the research put forward the innovative mixed vector-raster spatial data format to build the database of the factors and indicators for land grading and standard price appraisal calculation process and applied the cost distance and other spatial analysis algorithms to build the work procedure database and result database which are also generated on mixed vector-raster data format. This mixed format database and land grading and standard price appraisal procedures make up the deficiency of the most used land evaluation database system based only on vector data format in China, and overcome the problems such as big amount of calculation process, inaccurate results, and incomplete data. It also enhances the efficiency of land grading and standard price appraisal work and provides an optimized choice to get more accuracy results. At last, this research set the downtown area of Chongqing as the research area, demonstrated the feasibility of the database and algorithms for land grading and standard price appraisal work, and obtained the accurate results of land grading and standard price appraisal in the downtown area of Chongqing.