摘要:
目的：通过对北京市西城区老年人健康现状做横断面调查，便于北京市老年政策的制定和实施；方法：应用流行病学现场横断面调查的方法，对北京市西城区三个社区(展览路葡萄园，法源寺小区，卫生部小区)1006位老年人进行面对面的调查；结果：过去一年中，有208位发生过跌倒，站总调查人数的20.7%。有230位老年人出现过尿湿过裤子或者尿床，占22.9%；在230位出现过尿失禁的老年人中，有99位认为已经影响日常生活或外出活动，占尿失禁老人的43.0%。有486位老年人患有持续一个月以上的慢性疼痛，占总调查人数的48.3%；486位中，有13人不清楚病因，占2.67%；411位是躯体痛(源于退行性关节病和肌肉骨骼疾病)，占84.6%；有38位是神经痛，如带状疱疹、三叉神经痛、截肢后的患肢痛、坐骨神经痛、头痛等，占7.8%；内脏痛22人，占4.5%；癌性疼痛2人，占0.4%。486位慢性疼痛老年人中，有4位服用止痛药物，占0.8%，43人理疗，占8.8%；13人做康复训练，占2.7%；有2位采用多种措施，占0.4%；剩余的437位选择了不做任何处理，占89.9%。1006位调查者中，有316位老人有睡眠障碍，占31.4%，其中，有156位服用药物帮助睡眠，占49.4%。1006位调查者中，体重过轻BMI < 18.5有45位，占4.5%；正常18.5 ≤ BMI < 24有453位，占45.0%；体重过重24 ≤ BMI < 27有298位，占29.6%；轻度肥胖27 ≤ BMI < 30有123位，占12.2%；中度肥胖30 ≤ BMI < 35有39位，占3.9%；重度肥胖BMI ≥ 35有48位，占4.8%。结论：本次研究老年人的睡眠，体重指数，自理能力与以往别的省市的文献相比较，结论一致。
Abstract:
Objective: To formulate and implement policies for the elderly in Beijing through the cross-sectional survey on the health of the elderly in Beijing Xicheng District. Methods: Epidemiologic field survey method was used to investigate 1006 elderly citizens in three communities of Xicheng district through the questionnaires about the health status. Results: Over the past year, 208 falls, accounting for 20.7% of the total number of the investigation. 230 elderly people appear incontinence, ac- counting for 22.9%; in 230 elderly people who appear incontinence, 99 have affected their daily ac- tivities, accounting for 43.0% of the incontinence elderly people. There are 486 elderly people suf- fering from chronic pain for a month or more, accounting for 48.3% of those surveyed; among them, 13 people do not know the cause, accounting for 2.67%; 411 are somatic pain (from degenerative joint disease and musculoskeletal disorders), accounting for 84.6%; there are 38 neuralgia, such as herpes zoster, trigeminal neuralgia, phantom limb pain after amputation, sciatica, headache, ac- counting for 7.8%; 22 people have visceral pain, accounting for 4.5%; 2 have cancer pain, accounting for 0.4%. There are 486 elderly people suffering from chronic pain, of which four have taken pain medications, accounting for 0.8%. 43 people have done physical therapy, accounting for 8.8%; 13 people have done rehabilitation training, accounting for 2.7%, and 2 have used a variety of meas- ures, accounting for 0.4%; the remaining 437 choose no treatment, accounting for 89.9%. In the survey, there were 316 elderly people with sleep disorders, accounting for 31.4%, of which there are 156 taking medication to help sleep, accounting for 49.4%. In the survey, 45 elderly people are un- derweight with BMI less than 18.5, accounting for 4.5%; 453 elderly people are normal with 18.5 ≤ BMI < 24, accounting for 45.0%; 298 people are overweight with 24 ≤ BMI < 27, accounting for 29.6%; 123 people are mildly obese with 27 ≤ BMI < 30, accounting for 12.2%; 39 people are moderately obese with 30 ≤ BMI < 35, accounting for 3.9%; 48 people are severe obese with BMI more than 35, accounting for 4.8%. Conclusion: In this study, compared with the past literature in other provinces, we have the same conclusion in the sleep, body mass index and self-care ability of the elderly.