临夏绵椒黑胫病发生规律研究

The Occurrence Regularity Study on Black Shank of Zanthoxylum bungeanum of Linxia Mianjiao

摘要: 在绵椒主要栽培区临夏县(莲花、南塬)、积石山县(银川、安集)等乡(镇)开展了调查。通过对67个样地资料的黑胫病感病指数与地类、水分供给条件、立地条件综合、间作状况、树龄、栽植密度、椒园郁闭度、椒园管理水平等因素进行数量化模型I分析。结果表明，间作类型是影响黑胫病感病指数变化的主导因子，各因子影响程度依次为：间作类型 > 水分供给 > 栽植密度 > 管理水平 > 树龄 > 郁闭度 > 立地条件 > 地类。降低黑胫病感病指数的最佳组合为：B₁₁ + B₂₃ + B₃₃ + B₄₂ (B₄₃) + B₅₂ + B₆₁ + B₇₂ (B₇₄) + B₈₁。通过对71个样株资料的对比分析，生长在不同位置的绵椒其黑胫病发生率、染病级数均有较大差异，地中心较地边黑胫病综合发生程度增大5~6倍。综合分析结果，提出了预防绵椒黑胫病的技术措施。

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to conduct an investigation in the main cultivation area (Lianhua and Nanyuan of Linxia county, Yinchuan and Anji of Jishishan county, and other places) of Mianjiao. Based on the 67 sample data, it analyses the quantification model I of land types, water supply con-ditions, site conditions, the condition of intercropping, tree age, planting density, pepper crown den-sity and pepper garden management level and other factors with black shank of Zanthoxylum bun-geanum. The results showed that the intercropping types is the dominant factor of disease index of black shank of Zanthoxylum bungeanum. From big to small various factor influence, in order: the in-tercropping types, water supply, planting density, management level, tree age, crown density site conditions, site conditions, land types. The best combination of lower disease index of black shank of Zanthoxylum bungeanum for: B₁₁ + B₂₃ + B₃₃ + B₄₂ (B₄₃) + B₅₂ + B₆₁ + B₇₂(B₇₄) + B₈₁. Based on the 71 sample data, it analyses that the incidence and disease progression of black shank of Chinese prickly ash have significant difference in different positions. The comprehensive increasing levels of Chinese prickly ash in the center are 5 - 6 times to the tree on the edge. Synthesizing analysis of the results, this paper puts forward the technical measures to prevent diseases Zanthoxylum bungeanum.