2013年和2014年冬季北半球极涡比较研究

Polar Vortex Winter Variation between 2013 Year and 2014 Year

摘要: 极涡是北极中上层对流层和平流层大气的持续性大尺度气旋性环流。作为重要的极地天气系统，极涡的变化直接影响低层大气环流，从而影响副极地乃至包括我国在内的中纬度地区的天气情况，我国冬季寒潮与极涡活动更是密切相关。因此，极涡的研究对我国冬季天气诊断具有重要意义。本文选取2013年1月、2014年1月的北半球500 hPa高空天气分析图作为主要资料，通过分析、比对两个时期北半球极涡变化情况以及其所对应的我国冬季天气情况，讨论北半球极涡变化对我国冬季寒潮的影响，并得出结论：相对持续而稳定的极涡，其面积与强度通常呈正相关，而在亚洲高纬地区维持一个稳定的极涡系统，对于我国的冬季天气具有良好的指示意义。

Abstract: Polar vortex is a persistent, large-scale cyclone that circles the middle and upper troposphere of arctic and extends into the stratosphere. As an important weather system in polar region, polar vortex has a direct effect on lower atmospheric circulation, thus affecting the weather regimes in the subarctic and middle latitude regions including China. Besides, the cold wave in China is closely related to the variation of polar vortex. Hence, the study on polar vortex exhibits great significance on winter weather analysis domestically. With the arctic meteorological data in the corresponding period of 2013 and 2014, this thesis discusses the influence of arctic polar vortex on cold wave of China through analyzing and comparing the changes in two different time period. It seeks to reach a conclusion that maintaining a stable and persistent polar vortex in high latitude regions of Asia is of great significance to the domestic winter weather condition in that the area and intensity of such polar vortex are generally positively correlated.