试论中国基础教育发展状况及存在问题—基于全球PISA测试思考

On the Development of Basic Education in China and Problems—Based on Global PISA Test Reflections

摘要: PISA测试是全球基础教育最权威的学习素养测试之一。中国上海在2009、2012年连续两次的国际测试中均名列第一，引起了国内外众多教育专家和媒体的广泛关注。这一结果在国内外引来了褒贬不一的诸多争议。客观全面地分析评价上海PISA测试，对于中国基础教育的发展无疑是有积极意义的。研究结果认为，1) 中国教育文化传统在当代基础教育中显示出其旺盛的生命力；2) 中国改革开放以来基础教育发展成就显著；3) 中国基础教育发展中也存在着诸多问题与不足；4) 上海PISA测试夺冠尚不能代表中国基础教育发展的整体水平。

Abstract: PISA test is one of the world’s most authoritative studies of basic education literacy test. Shanghai, China, was ranked first in 2009 and in 2012 in the international tests, which caused widespread concern in many domestic and foreign experts in education and the media. This result led to mixed reviews at home and abroad of many disputes. Objective and comprehensive analysis and evaluation of Shanghai PISA test, for the development of basic education in China is undoubtedly positive. The study concludes that: 1) traditional Chinese education culture shows its vitality in contemporary basic education; 2) basic education has significant development achievements since China’s reform and opening up; 3) there are also many problems and shortcomings in Chinese basic education development; 4) the thing that Shanghai wins in PISA test is not yet the representative of the overall level of the basic education in China.