包头地区结直肠癌发病风险因素的病例对照研究

The Risk Factors of Colorectal Cancer in Baotou: A Case-Control Study

摘要: 目的：研究影响结直肠癌发病的风险因素，为预防和控制结直肠癌的发病提供理论基础。方法：本次研究采用病例对照研究的方法，回顾性收集在我院住院的90例结直肠癌患者作为病例组，并选取同期住院的90例非肿瘤患者作为对照组，收集相关资料，研究影响结直肠癌发生的危险因素。结果：单因素分析发现，高脂肪饮食(OR = 2.28, 95%CI: 1.13~3.91)、食用新鲜蔬菜少(OR = 3.66, 95%CI: 1.93~6.78)、体育锻炼少(OR = 2.22, 95%CI: 1.09~3.81)、饮酒(OR = 1.99, 95%CI: 0.89~3.12)、文化程度低(OR = 3.50, 95%CI: 1.90~6.61)、恶性肿瘤家族史(OR = 2.60, 95%CI: 1.09~6.49)、阑尾炎史(OR = 3.98, 95%CI: 1.70~10.89)是结直肠癌发病的风险因素；多元Logistic回归模型进行分析发现，食用新鲜蔬菜少(OR = 1.732, 95%CI: 0.812~2.944)、文化程度低(OR = 1.885, 95%CI: 1.447~3.996)、阑尾炎史(OR = 1.495, 95%CI: 0.994~3.231)是结直肠癌发病的独立危险因素。结论：食用新鲜蔬菜少、低文化程度、有阑尾炎史的人群是结直肠癌高发的人群，针对这类重点人群需要加强预防和干预。

Abstract: Objective: To study the risk factors of colorectal cancer and provide the basis to prevent and control the disease. Methods: The case-control study was used. The information of 90 cases of colorectal cancer patients in our hospital was retrospectively collected as the case group and 90 cases of non-hospitalized cancer patients in the corresponding period was selected as the control group. Results: Univariate analysis showed that high fat diet (OR = 2.28, 95%CI: 1.13 - 3.91), less eating fresh vegetables (OR = 3.66, 95%CI: 1.93 - 6.78), less physical exercise (OR = 2.22, 95%CI: 1.09 - 3.81), drinking wine (OR = 1.99, 95%CI: 0.89 - 3.12), low educational level (OR = 3.50, 95%CI: 1.90 - 6.61), family history of cancer (OR = 2.60, 95%CI: 1.09 - 6.49) and history of appendicitis (OR = 3.98, 95%CI: 1.70 - 10.89) were risk factors for the colorectal cancer. Multiple Logistic regression analysis found that less eating fresh vegetables (OR = 1.732, 95%CI: 0.812 - 2.944), low educational level (OR = 1.885, 95%CI: 1.447 - 3.996) and history of appendicitis (OR = 1.495, 95%CI: 0.994 - 3.231) were independent risk factors for the colorectal cancer. Conclusion: The populations with less eating fresh vegetables, low education level and the history of appendicitis are the high risk people and it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and intervention.