寒地水稻垦稻12的选育、系谱分析及推广效应

Analysis on the Breeding, Pedigree and Extension Effects of Rice Kendao12 in Cold Region

摘要: 垦稻12由黑龙江省农垦科学院水稻研究所2002年育成，推广以来该品种表现早熟、优质、抗病、耐冷、丰产等广泛的适应性。至2015年累计种植面积228万hm²，创造了巨大的经济和社会效益，是寒地水稻育种突出的成果之一，2010年获黑龙江省科技进步一等奖。运用系谱分析明确了垦稻12亲缘关系和遗传基础，并对遗传背景进行探讨，结果表明，要熟悉当地的气候条件和种质资源，重视外引种质资源在当地的适应性，立足于强生命力品种的改良、优良骨干亲本的渗入，加强后代材料耐冷性、抗病性、丰产性等多年度、多区点的鉴定，使育成的品种具有广泛的适应性。

Abstract: Kendao12 was bred by the Rice Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences in 2002. It had been widely used due to early maturity, high quality, disease resistance, cold resistance, high yield and so on. The cumulative planting area of the species achieved 2.28 × 10⁷ hm² in 2015, creating huge economic and social benefits, which was one of the outstanding achievements of the rice breeding in cold region and also obtained the first prize of science and technology progress in Heilongjiang province in 2010. This research used the pedigree analysis to define Kendao12 genetic relationship and genetic basis, and the genetic background was discussed. The results showed that it was necessary to be familiar with the local climate conditions and germplasm resources, pay attention to the adaptability of external germplasm resources in the local area, and based on the improved hardy varieties and excellent backbone parent introgression, strengthen the identification of progeny materials on cold tolerance, disease resistance and high yield in many years and multi-area points. The final realization of the breeding of varieties had a wide range of adaptability.