山西省临猗县癫痫现状调查

Situation of Investigation on Epilepsy in Linyi County of Shanxi Province

摘要: 目的：分析我国农村地区癫痫病的现状，给国家对于癫痫病的管理方法提供决策。方法：于2015年5月到8月期间随访当地癫痫患者的病因、发作类型、诊治和预后，进行回顾性分析。结果：共入选癫痫患者188例，包括局灶性发作158例，全面性发作17例、点头发作1例，不能确定者12例。均服用苯巴比妥和丙戊酸钠片，疗效为无发作率为22%、显效率为21%、有效率为8%、无效率为49%。病因主要为脑外伤和高热惊厥。部分患者存在社交焦虑症。结论：患者不能正确认识癫痫的基本常识；临床医生要根据发作类型和个体化原则选择抗癫痫药物，推荐在农村地区免费发放的抗癫痫药物目录中增加卡马西平。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the situation of epilepsy patients in rural areas of Shanxi province in order to provide reference for prevention and treatment of the disease. Methods: From May to August in 2015, 188 patients with epilepsy were retrospectively analyzed on etiology, diagnosis and treatment, classifications and prognosis in the local hospital. Results: All patients took respectively phenobarbital and valproate sodium, including 158 focal seizures, 17 generalized seizures, 1 nod attacks and 12 unclassified seizures. After treatment of antiepileptic drugs, 41 cases (22%) were seizure free; 55 cases (29%) were effectively controlled, while 92 cases (49%) were invalid. The main causes of these patients were brain trauma and febrile convulsion. Many patients had social anxiety in process of seizure. Conclusion: There is a lack of understanding on seizures of epilepsy patients. Antiepileptic drugs must be chosen with good therapeutic effect according to the type of seizure and individuation. In view of the causes and types of seizures, carbamazepine is recommended as a kind of basic antiepileptic drugs in rural areas.