摘要:
目的：探讨轴性高度近视眼患者，行白内障超声乳化摘除伴人工晶状体植入术后，无调节状态下眼轴变化做初步观察，对未来近视眼防控及治疗领域提供初步思路及设想。方法：收集2014年1月~2015年3月在我院行白内障手术的轴性高度近视眼患者55例83眼，平均年龄65.15 ± 11.23岁(40~90岁)，其中男28例、女27例。所有研究对象术前均行眼部全面检查，并应用IOL-Master的部分相干干涉测量(partial coherence interferometry, PCI)技术测量记录术前及术后眼轴长度变化，并将其按术前与术后1天、7天、3个月、1年进行比较。采用完全随机设计资料的秩和检验(Wilcoxon秩和检验)法分析眼轴变化情况。结果：眼轴变化与术前眼轴长度相比，术后1日、术后1周、术后3月和术后1年的眼轴长度减少均具有统计学意义(p < 0.001)；与术后1日相比，术后1周、术后3月及术后1年眼轴长度减少均具有统计学意义(p < 0.001)；与术后1周相比，术后3月和术后1年眼轴长度减少尚未发现统计学意义；与术后3月相比，术后1年眼轴长度增加无统计学意义(p = 0.001)。结论：轴性高度近视眼患者，经超声乳化伴人工晶体植入术后屈光状态及眼轴变化稳定，是较理想的治疗手段。
Abstract:
Objective: To discuss and observe initial axis oculi changes under the condition of no adjustment in patients with high axial myopia, who underwent phacoemulsification of caligo lentis with in-traocular lens implantation, so as to provide preliminary ideas and plans for the prevention and treatment of myopia in the future. Methodology: 55 cases (83 eyes) with high axial myopia, who received caligo lentis surgery in our hospital from January 2014 to March 2015, were enrolled, with the average age of 65.15 ± 11.23 (40 to 90) years old. There were 28 males and 27 females. All subjects were received overall examinations on their eyes before the surgery, and the length changes of axis oculi were measured and recorded with partial coherence interferometry (PCI) technique of IOL-Master before and after the surgery, which were compared with those of before operation and 1 day, 7 days, 3 months, and 1 year after operation. Rank sum test on the data of completely randomized design, i.e. Wilcoxon’s rank sum test, was used to analyze changes of axis oculi. Result: In comparison of axis oculi lengths before the surgery, the reduced lengths of axis oculi suggest statistical significance (p < 0.001) 1 day, 1 week, 3 months and 1 year after the sur-gery; compared with lengths of axis oculi 1 day after the surgery, the decreased lengths of axis oculi indicate statistical significance (p < 0.001) 1 week, 3 months, and 1 year after the surgery; compared with lengths of axis oculi 1 week after the surgery, no statistical significance is observed in the diminished lengths of axis oculi 3 months and 1 year after the surgery; in comparison of axis oculi lengths 3 months after the surgery, no statistical significance is noticed in the increased lengths of axis oculi 1 year after the surgery (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with high axial myopia have shown stable refraction state and changes of axis oculi after the surgery of phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation, which is a superior treatment means.