城市机动车通行量与空气质量的相关性分析

The Correlation Relationship between Quantity of Vehicles and Quality of Air in Urban Area

摘要: 基于Spearman相关性检验及统计分析的相关方法，以西安市为例，分别对机动车通行量与AQI、SO₂、NO₂的关系进行分析，研究发现空气质量随居民出行特点及时间上的变化特征及趋势；即二者呈一定变化规律：在上班高峰期及下班高峰期至晚9点出现当天AQI、SO₂、NO₂数值高峰。依次选取机动车数量与对应空气质量检测指标进行斯皮尔曼双边检验的相关性分析，综合可得出西安市机动车数量与对应空气质量检测指标呈现出较为明显的相关性，相关系数最高达0.688。利用实际数据的直接处理和分析，直观的说明了机动车通行量对城市空气质量有一定的影响，即机动车是影响空气质量的因素之一。

Abstract: This paper takes Xi’an as an example to analyze the relationship between quantity of vehicles and AQI or SO₂ or NO₂ by Spearman correlation test. It’s found that some characteristics and trends appear in residents’ travel habits and time. Those characteristics mean air indicators like AQI and SO₂ and NO₂ will peak with quantity of vehicles at the same time, especially during the rush hours. The result of spearman correlation analysis which is about quantity of vehicles and corresponding indicators declares the opinion of this article. It shows there is a significant correlation between quantity of vehicles and quality of air in urban area in Xi’an, and the coefficient goes to 0.688. The conclusion can be drawn by analyzing and dealing with the actual data. In other words, quantity of vehicles is one of the main causes which result in air pollution.