屏住呼吸对短时记忆的影响

The Effect of Holding Breath on Short-Term Memory

摘要: 目的：研究从集中注意力的生理方面出发探究屏住呼吸对短时记忆的影响，从而为注意与记忆的课题提供新的证据。方法：实验研究采用的是被试内设计，以0~9的阿拉伯数字随机组成的3~13位数字串为记忆材料。选取40名大四学生为被试，通过E-Prime程序来测量个体在正常呼吸条件下和屏住呼吸条件下的短时记忆广度的成绩。结果：1) 正常呼吸条件下与屏住呼吸实验条件下的短时记忆广度有显著差异(p < 0.01)，主动控制的屏住呼吸不利于个体的短时记忆，会造成对短时记忆的干扰。2) 在正常呼吸与屏住呼吸实验条件下的短时记忆广度都不存在性别差异(p > 0.05)。结论：主动屏住呼吸对短时记忆广度有负面影响。

Abstract: Objective: In this study the physiological aspects explore the impact of starting to focus on short- term memory to hold your breath, so as to provide new evidence for attention and subject of memory. Methods: This experimental study was designed to be tested within 3 to 13-digit string of Arabic numerals 0 to 9，the random component of memory material. Select 40 seniors were tested to measure the individual under normal breathing conditions and short-term memory span under conditions with bated breath to get through E-Prime software programming. Results: 1) There were significant differences between normal breathing conditions and short-term memory span under experimental conditions holding your breath (p < 0.01); holding your breath is not conducive to active control of individual short-term memory, and can cause interference to short-term memory. 2) Short-term memory spans in normal breathing and holding your breath experimental conditions do not exist gender differences (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Holding your breath actively has a negative impact on short-term memory span.