理想气体状态方程的问题和思考

Problems and Thoughts on the State Equation of Ideal Gas

摘要: 理想气体气态方程 早已成了物理课程的基本常识和必须遵守的物理公式，但在大气的自由空间里气体体积是不能固定的。这时的空气密度 ，与压强成正比，这就会与一些现象发生矛盾。本文用海拔高度H代替压力P得出了自由空间空气密度 ，说明空气密度随海拔高度的升高而成倍地增加，并与温度成负相关关系。同时认为，自由空间的空气应该从压力高的地方向压力低的地方聚集，也就是海拔越高、压力越低，空气密度越会增加。由气态方程推导出空气密度计算公式，计算出12千米高度对流层顶的空气密度比标准大气压的ρ0增加了15倍，1000千米的散逸层则增加了187倍。当然，这一结论与“海拔越高空气越稀薄”的基本常识相反！这或许是因为我们忽略了天然丰度为99.985%的氕这种物质所致。因此，推论大气空间任何物质最终都可能分(裂)解成最简单的物质--氕(H、“质子”)，并在电离层失去核外电子而成为“中子”，然后“逃逸”到宇宙空间以新的方式和形式组成新的物质和星球。这也许是地球上的物质通过大气与宇宙星球进行物质交换的一个途径。

Abstract: The ideal gas equation has already become the basic knowledge of physics curriculum and the physical formula that must be observed, but the volume of gas in the free space of the at-mosphere is not fixed. The air density at the formula is directly proportional to the pressure, which will conflict with some phenomena. This paper uses altitude H instead of pressure P to obtain free space air density to indicate that the air density with altitude in-creases exponentially, and leads a negative correlation with temperature. At the same time, the air of the free space should gather from the high pressure place to the place where the pressure is low. It means that the higher the altitude, the lower the pressure, and the air density will increase. The air density calculation formula is deduced from the gaseous equation, and it Calculates a result that troposphere air density at 12 kilometers has increased 15 times than the standard atmospheric pressure P0, and the exosphere at 1000 kilometers has increased 187 fold. Of course, this conclu-sion is totally opposite with the basic knowledge of “the higher the altitude, the thinner the air”. The reason is perhaps that we neglect the matter named H which has natural content of 99.985%. From this, we can have a corollary that any matter in atmospheric space may be divided into the most simple-matter-H (proton). It will become “neutron” when losing the orbital electrons at the ionized layer, and then it will “escape” into the universe to constitute new materials and planets in a new way and new form. This may be a way by which the earth's materials exchange with the planet’s materials through the atmosphere.