天然气水合物开采技术综述

Summary of Natural Gas Hydrate Exploitation Technology

摘要: 天然气水合物作为一种新能源，已经引起了政府、各大公司和高等院校的广泛注意，他们纷纷开设相关研究部门和新学院以加强水合物方面的研究。有关水合物的开发也随即成为热点。天然气水合物开采的基本思路都是首先考虑如何使储藏在沉积物中的天然气水合物分解，然后再将天然气采至地面。一般来说，人为地打破天然气水合物稳定存在的温度压力条件，即相平衡条件，造成其分解，是目前开采天然气水合物中天然气资源的主要思路。本文介绍了四种常见的开采方法：热激发法、降压法、抑制剂法、气体置换法。

Abstract: Gas hydrate, as a new energy source, has drawn an extensive attention of the government, the companies and universities, and they have set up the related research department and the new institutes to strengthen the research of the hydrate. The development of the hydrate has also be-come a hot spot. The basic idea of natural gas hydrate exploration is to consider how to make the gas hydrate in the sediment to be decomposed, and then exploit the natural gas to the ground. In general, it is the main idea to break down the temperature and pressure conditions of natural gas hydrate stability, that is, the phase equilibrium condition which causes the decomposition of gas hydrate. This paper introduces four kinds of common mining methods: thermoelectro-limine- sence method, pressure reductionrlease method, inhibitor method, gas substitution method.