地表水资源开发利用多目标协调工程实践与思考

Practice and Thinking on Multi-Objective Coordination Engineering of Surface Water Resources Development and Utilization

摘要: 在水资源紧缺地区，对地表水开发利用需要平衡水源水量分布和各项用水的关系，全面协调发展、环境保护的要求，在考虑其他用水需求的同时，应综合分析确定不同时段河道生态基流。相应的工程规划、设计需在水资源节约保护的前提下，考虑各类用水过程、要求保证率不同等特点，拟定相应的运行方式，合理分析计算各类供水量及可靠性。对综合利用的调蓄水库、河道引水工程等，采用多目标长系列动态调节方法，通过对特征水位、引水能力等有关参数多方案比较，合理确定供水指标。从实现水资源合理开发、有效利用的角度出发，优选相对经济合理的工程方案，更好地满足生活、生产及生态环境用水。

Abstract: In areas with scarce water resources, we need to balance the relationship between the distribution of water sources and the various use of water when exploiting and using the surface water resources, and develop the demand of environmental requirements comprehensive and balanced. While taking into other water demands, comprehensive analysis should be used to determine ecological river basic flow during different time periods. The corresponding project planning and designing should be made under the premise of conservation of water resources and consider the characteristics of various water use processes and the requirement of guarantee rate. The relevant operation mode, water supply quantity and reliability are analyzed and calculated. For regulating reservoir of comprehensive utilization, river diversion works etc. adopt the multi-objective long series dynamic adjustment method, through compare related parameters about characteristics water level, diversion ability and so on and make sure water supply targets reasonably. Based on water resources rational development and effective use, we optimize the relative economic reasonable engineering plan to meet the water need in living, production, and eco-environment better.