基于物性结构的日本汉语教材动宾搭配考察—以HSK1.2级名词为对象

Research on Verb-Object Collocation of the Japanese Local Chinese Textbooks Based on Qualia Structure—A Case Study of New HSK Level 1 and Level 2 Nouns

摘要: 典型搭配就是高频搭配，是母语使用者经常使用的搭配，是母语语料库中经常出现的搭配。经过研究发现高频搭配是构成语言自然度的关键因素，也就是说在语言学习中，如果掌握了典型搭配，学习者输出语言的自然度就会增加，因此典型搭配在词语搭配习得中发挥着重要的作用。本文基于日本本土初级汉语教材、以物性结构和词语搭配统计指标为依据，以HSK1、2级名词为对象，主要探讨初级教材中的高频动宾搭配有哪些，这些动宾搭配的物性修饰关系的比例如何，并对比分析日本本土教材中的高频动宾搭配和语料库中的高频动宾搭配在物性结构上有何差异，以期帮助学习者掌握各个名词主要凸显地物性角色，更好地掌握语言规律。

Abstract: Typical collocation is just highly frequent collocation, i.e. collocation frequently used by native speaker or the most common collocation in native corpora. Through research, it is found that highly frequent collocation is the key to naturalness of a language. In other words, during the language study, if a learner gets hold of typical collocation, the learner will output more natural language. Therefore, typical collocation plays an important role in word collocation study. Based on primary Chinese textbooks in Japan, statistics index of qualia structure and word collocation and nouns at HSK 1 & HSK 2, the article focuses on discussing which highly frequent collocation is included in primary Chinese textbooks in Japan and ratio of qualia modification relationship of such verb-object collocation and making qualia structure comparison between highly frequent verb- object collocation in primary textbooks of Japan and those in the corpora and analyzing the difference thereof so as to assist learners to grasp main notable qualia roles of various nouns and better control the language rule.