GC-MS法分析沙葱籽中挥发油与种子油的化学组成

Chemical Composition Analysis of Volatile Oil and Seed Oil from Allium mongolicum Regel Seed by GC-MS

摘要: 本研究以沙葱籽为原料，采用水中蒸馏法得到沙葱籽挥发油，采用超临界二氧化碳萃取法得到沙葱种子油，并应用气质联用法(GC-MS)分析其化学组成。实验结果表明：沙葱籽挥发性成分多为酯类或烯烃类化合物，其中含量最高的为二乙基十六酸二乙酯，以及它的同分异构体(相对含量为20.828%)；其次是角鲨烯(相对含量为7.383%)；联二苯酚类含量也较高(相对含量为5.798%)。CO2超临界流体萃取所得沙葱种子油中含有68.533%的亚油酸，16.640%的油酸和6.374%的棕榈酸，此外还含有2.257%花生酸和饱和脂肪酸(十九碳酸1.368%、二十碳酸0.760%、二十二碳酸0.244%)，还含有微量角鲨烯(相对含量为0.242%)。

Abstract: In this study, the seed of Allium mongolicum Regel as the raw material, extracted volatile oil by water distillation; and seed oil by carbon dioxide supercritical fluid extraction, respectively. The chemical composition of volatile oil and seed oil was analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that the volatile composition main consisted of ethers, olefins, and it also contains acids, alcohols, aldehydes, furan and pyrrole. The content of adipic acid bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester and its isomers was the highest (RA% = 20.828%), and then squalene (RA% = 7.383%), and 2,2'-Methylenebis (6-tert- butyl-4-methylphenol) (RA% = 5.798%). The chemical composition of seed oil extracted by CO2 supercritical fluid extraction was mainly linoleic acid (RA% = 68.533%), oleic acid (RA% = 16.640%), and palmitic acid (RA% = 6.374%), respectively. It also contained arachidic acid (RA% = 2.257%), and saturated fatty acids (19 carbonic acid RA% = 1.368%, 20 carbonic acid RA% = 0.760% and 22 carbonic acid RA% = 0.244%). The RA% of squalene in seed oil was 0.242%.