中药性味归经作用的现代含义及其实现机制

The Modern Meaning of the Four Properties, Five Flavors and Meridian Tropisms in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Their Mechanism Implemented

摘要: 目的：探索中药性味归经概念的现代形态学内涵和外延。方法：利用中药既含药性概念又是客观实体的特点，用纯系杂交一代小鼠整体内全部器官组织和涵盖了所有性味归经概念(每种药性出现5次，归三焦经出现三次)的60味中药作为研究对象，采取单味药水煎单次口服用药、药后不同时间(1、2、4小时)尾静脉注射¹⁴C-2-脱氧葡萄糖，放射自显影技术测定器官组织机能变化，数据矩阵运算和聚类分析药性与器官组织机能变化的关系。结果：统计分析发现每种性味归经作用是中药具有的、使机体几乎所有器官组织发生模式反应(组合式)的作用，性味归经的作用方式是先神经内分泌再影响其它器官组织，虽然几乎所有的器官组织都有反应，但根据反应方向、幅度及发生的时间先后，可以分为5~10类，在相同时间点同一类别中的器官组织，对某种药性的反应都是相近的。结论：中药药性的每种概念的整体观具有形态学基础，四性、五味、归经作用具有“泛组织”的性质，每种药性均有整体性含义，药性的实现机制与先神经内分泌再影响其它器官组织有关。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the modern morphology connotation and extension of the concept of properties, flavour and meridian tropism (siqi, wuwei, guijing, referred to as medicinal properties) of herbal drug in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods: Taking advantage of the characteristics of herbal drug of Traditional Chinese Medicine is both the concept of medicinal properties and the objective entity, the whole body of all organs and tissues of hybrid F1 mice administration respectively with covering all the concept of medicinal properties of 60 herbal drug (each of medicinal properties appeared 5 times, three times by the triple burner) as the research object. At different times (1, 2, 4 hours) after orally taking a single herb decoration in dose, tail vein injection of ¹⁴C-2- deoxyglucose, auto-radiography was carried out to determine the organ tissue function changes, matrix operation and cluster analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between the concept of medicinal properties and organ tissue. Results: The results of statistical analysis found that each role of medicinal properties of Traditional Chinese Medicine have a pattern (combination) effect in the body almost all organs and tissues. The medicinal properties first affect neuroendocrine organ tissue and then affect other organs and tissues. Although almost all of the organ tissue response occurred, according to the direction of response, amplitude and the occurrence of time, organ and tissue can be divided into 5 - 10 categories. At the same time point in the same category of organ tissue, the response to a certain medicinal property is similar. Conclusion: The whole view of each medicinal property of TCM has the morphological basis. The medicinal property has the “pan-organization” nature; each medicine property has a holistic meaning; its realization me-chanism was related to the neuroendocrine and then affected the other organ organization.