食管癌淋巴结清扫的沿革及新概念：食管全系膜切除
Current Trend of Lymph Node Dissection for Esophageal Cancer and New Concept: Total Mesoesophagus Excision
摘要: 对食管癌进行系统性的淋巴结清扫是提高手术根治率及术后长期生存率的关键，改善外科治疗的长期效果。食管全系膜切除是基于食管系膜的组织胚胎学、解剖学特点提出的新的概念，强调完整的切除食管及其周围血管、脂肪组织，有望成为食管癌手术的质量控制标准。
Abstract: Systemic lymph node dissection helps increase the radical resection rate and the distant prognosis of esophageal cancer. Total mesoesophagus resection is a new concept based on embryology and anatomy of mesoesophagus which emphasize complete dissection including esophagus and peripheral vessels and fatty tissue. It is hoped to become quality control standard of esophagectomy.
文章引用：杜泽森, 傅俊慧. 食管癌淋巴结清扫的沿革及新概念：食管全系膜切除[J]. 外科, 2013, 2(1): 1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/HJS.2013.21001

参考文献

[1] 赫捷. 食管癌综合治疗的现状与展望[J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志, 2012, 14(9): 657-659.
[2] T. W. Rice, V. W. Rusch, H. C. Apperson, et al. Worldwide eso- phageal cancer collaboration. Diseases of the Esophagus, 2009, 22(1): 1-8.
[3] R. J. Heald, E. M. Husband and R. D. H. Ryall. The mesorectum in rectal cancer surgery: The clue to pelvic recurrence? British Journal of Surgery, 1982, 69(10): 613-616.
[4] K. Isono, S. Onada, K. Okuyama, et al. Recurrence of intratho- racic esophageal cancer. Clinical Oncology, 1985, 159(10): 49- 60.
[5] D. H. Ilson, D. P. Kelsen. Combined modality therapy in the treat- ment of esophageal cancer. Semi Oncology, 1994, 21: 493-507.
[6] D. P. Kelsen, D. H. Ilson. Chemotherapy and combined modality therapy for esophageal cancer. Chest, 1995, 107(Supp1): 224- 232.
[7] J. R. Siewert, H. J. Stein. Lymph-node dissection in squamous cell esophageal cancer: Who benefits? Langenbecks Archives of Surgery, 1999, 384(2): 141-148.
[8] T. Lerut, P. de Leyn, W. Coosemans, et al. Surgical strategies in esophageal carcinoma with emphasis on radical lymphadenec- tomy. Annals of Surgery, 1992, 216(5): 583-589.
[9] N. K. Altorki, D. B. Skinner. Occult cervical nodal metastasis in esophageal cancer prelininary results of three-field lymphade- nectomy. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1997, 113: 540-544.
[10] H. Fujita, S. Sueyoshi, T. Tanaka, et al. Optimal lymphadenec- tomy for squamous cell carcionma in the thoracic esophagus: Comparing the short- and long-term outcome among the four types of lymphadenectomy. World Journal of Surgery, 2003, 27 (5): 571-579.
[11] 朱坤寿, 余志廉. 食管癌术后复发形式及其对策的探讨[J]. 福建医药杂志, 2000, 22(1): 38-39.
[12] 方文涛, 陈文虎, 林强等. 食管癌的优化治疗[J]. 肿瘤, 2001, 21(6): 485-487.
[13] 彭林, 陈利华, 李强等. Ivor Lewis食管次全切除术和二野淋巴结清扫术及其对预后的影响[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2003, 13(6): 574-576.
[14] 吴昌荣, 薛恒川, 朱宗海等. 现代二野淋巴结清扫食管癌切除术的疗效分析[J]. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2009, 31(8): 630-633.
[15] K. Isono, H. Sato and K. Nakayama. Results of a nationwide study on the three-field lymph node dissection of esophageal cancer. Oncology, 199l, 48(5): 411-420.
[16] H. Udagawa, H. Akiyama. Surgical treatment of esophageal can- cer: Tokyo experience of the three-field technique. Diseases of the Esophagus, 2001, 14(2): 110-114.
[17] H. Kato, Y. Tachimori, H. Watanabe, et al. Recurrent esophageal carcinoma after esophagectomy with three-field 1ymph node dissection. Journal of Surgical Oncology, 1996, 61: 267-272.
[18] H. Kato, H. Watanabe, Y. Tachimori, et al. Evaluation of neck lymph node dissection for thoracic esophageal carcinoma. An- nals of Surgery, 1991, 51(6): 931-935.
[19] T. Nishihira, K. Hiramaya, S. Mori, et al. A prospective random- ized trial of extended cervical and superior mediastinal lympha- denctomy for carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. The Ameri- can Journal of Surgery, 1998, 175(1): 47-51.
[20] S. Nakagawa, T. Nishimaki, S. Kosugi, et al. Cervical lympha- denectomy is beneficial for patients with carcinoma of the upper and mid-thoracic esophagus. Diseases of the Esophagus, 2003, 16(1): 4-8.
[21] W. T. Fang, W. H. Chen, T. Mao, et al. Selective three-field lym- phadenectomy for thoracic esophageal squamous carcinoma. Di- seases of the Esophagus, 2007, 20(3): 206-211.
[22] T. Noguchi, S. Wada, S. Takeno, et al. Two-step three-field lymph node dissection is beneficial for thoracic esophageal carcnioma. Diseases of the Esophagus, 2004, 17(1): 27-31.
[23] N. West, W. Hohenberger, P. Finan, et al. Mesocolic plane sur- gery: An old but forgotten technique? Colorectal Disease, 2009, 11(9): 988-989.
[24] 王正康, 高桥孝, 徐文怀等. 肿瘤外科新手术[M]. 北京: 中国协和医科大学出版社, 2001: 98-108.
[25] 姜宗来, 于伟勇, 张炎. 胸心外科临床解剖学[M]. 济南: 山东科学技术出版社, 2010: 161-165.
[26] 中国抗癌协会食管癌专业委员会. 可切除食管癌的手术治疗原则. 食管癌规范化诊治指南[M]. 北京: 中国协和医科大学出版社, 2010: 36-50.