父母分离焦虑与成人初显期子女抑郁状况的关系
The Association between Parental Separation Anxiety and Off-Springs’ Depression in Emerging Adulthood
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2013.32013, PDF, HTML, XML,    国家自然科学基金支持
作者: 何 津*, 陈祉妍, 郭 菲：中国科学院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室；丁新华：北京林业大学人文社会科学学院心理系
关键词: 父母分离焦虑；子女抑郁；成人初显期；调节作用；Parental Separation Anxiety; Depression; Emerging Adulthood; Modulation
摘要: 为了探索父母分离焦虑(包括恐惧远离与乐为基地两个维度)与成人初显期子女抑郁的关系及可能的调节变量，采用横断研究对169个家庭的父母及其子女进行研究。结果发现与子女共同居住的父母恐惧远离得分显著高于非共同居住的家庭，女生父母报告的乐为基地得分显著高于男生，非独生子女父母的乐为基地得分显著高于独生子女；子女抑郁状况与父母分离焦虑的关系受到子女性别、是否是独生子女家庭及父母与子女是否共同居住的调节作用。男生、独生子女及与父母共同居住的子女，其抑郁状况与母亲恐惧远离的关系更为紧密。研究发现，母亲的分离焦虑，尤其是恐惧远离，与初显期子女的抑郁状况有密切关系。
Abstract: In order to explore the relationship between parental separation anxiety (including two factors, anxiety about distance and comfort with security base role, short for F1 and F2) and the depression of emerg- ing adults, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 169 families for both parents and their offspring. The pa- rental F1 is higher when parents resided with their offspring. Girls’ parents reported higher F2 than boys’ parents. Parents from multiple-child families reported higher F1 than those from only-child families. Besides, the relationship between parental separation anxiety and offspring’s depression was moderated by variables: whether the offspring is male or female; whether the family has only one child or multiple children; whether parents reside with their offspring. In conclusion, maternal separation anxiety, especially F1 (anxiety about distance), had significant effect on the depression of their offspring.
文章引用：何津, 陈祉妍, 郭菲, 丁新华 (2013). 父母分离焦虑与成人初显期子女抑郁状况的关系. 心理学进展, 3(2), 84-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/AP.2013.32013

参考文献

[1] 温忠麟, 侯杰泰, 张雷(2005). 调节效应与中介效应的比较和应用.心理学报, 2期, 268-274.
[2] Aiken, L., West, S., & Reno, R. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. London: SAGE Publications, 14-22.
[3] Andresen, M., Malmgren, A., Carter, B., & Patrick, L. (1994). Screening for depression in well older adults: Evaluation of a short form of the CES-D. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 10, 77-84.
[4] Arnett, J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55, 469- 480.
[5] Arnett, J., Ramos, K., & Jensen, L. (2001). Ideological views in emerging adulthood: Balancing autonomy and community. Journal of Adult Development, 8, 68-79.
[6] Arnett, J. (2004). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[7] Arnett, J. (2006). Emerging adulthood: Understanding the new way of coming of age. In: J. Arnett, & J. Tanner (Eds.), Emerging adults in America: Coming of age in the 21st century (pp. 3-19). Washington DC: American Psychological Association.
[8] Bartle-Haring, S., Brucker, P., & Hock, E. (2002). The impact of parental separation anxiety on identity development in late adolescence and early adulthood. Journal of Adolescent Research, 17, 439-450.
[9] Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss: Separation anxiety and anger. New York: Basic Book.
[10] Brumariu, L. E., & Kerns, K. A. (2010). Parent-child attachment and internalizing symptoms in childhood and adolescence: A review of empirical findings and future directions. Developmental Psychopathology, 22, 177-203.
[11] Dubas, S., & Petersen, C. (1996). Geographical distance from parents and adjustment during adolescence and young adulthood. New Di-rections for Child Development, 71, 3-19.
[12] Galambos, L., Barker, T., & Krahn, J. (2006). Depression, self-esteem, and anger in emerging adulthood: Seven-year trajectories. Developmental Psychology, 42, 350-365.
[13] Hock, E., Mcbride, S., & Gnezda, T. (1989). Maternal separation anxiety: Mother-infant separation from the maternal perspective. Child Development, 60, 793-802.
[14] Hock, E., Bartle-Haring, S., Ellwanger, P., & Widaman, F. (2001). Se- paration anxiety in parents of adolescents: Theoretical significance and scale development. Child Development, 72, 284-298.
[15] Lefkowitz, E. (2005). “Things have gotten better”: Developmental changes among emerging adults after the transition to university. Journal of Adolescent Research, 20, 40-63.
[16] Luyckx, K., Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Goossens, L., & Berzonsky, M. (2007). Parental psychological control and dimensions of identity formation in emerging adulthood. Journal of Family Psychology, 21, 546-550.
[17] Meadows, O., Brown, J., & Elder, H. (2006). Depressive symptoms, stress, and support: Gendered trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 89-99.
[18] Radziszewska, B., Richardson, J. L., Dent, C. W., & Flay, B. R. (1996). Parenting style and adolescent depressive symptoms, smoking, and academic achievement: Ethnic, gender, and SES differences. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 19, 289-305.
[19] Santor, A., & Coyne, C. (1997). Shortening the CES-D to improve its ability to detect cases of depression. Psychological Assessment, 9, 233-243.
[20] Seiffge-Krenke, I. (2009). Leaving-home patterns in emerging adults. European Psychologist, 14, 238-248.
[21] Silk, J. S., Morris, A. S., Kanava. T., & Laurence, S. (2003). Psycho- logical control and autonomy granting: Opposite ends of a contin- uum or distinct constructs? Journal of Research on Adolescence, 13, 113-128.
[22] Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M. & Duriez, B. (2006). In search of the sources of psychologically controlling Parenting: The role of parental separation anxiety and parental maladaptive perfectionism. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 16, 539-559.