老年人宫颈癌患者围手术期临床特点和护理对策分析

The Clinical Features and Nursing Countermeasures of Peri-Operation Period of Elderly Patients with Cervical Cancer

摘要: 目的：提高老年人宫颈癌患者围手术期护理的认识，为临床护理工作提供依据。方法：回顾性分析2012年11月至2013年1月期间实施宫颈癌切除术，并经术后病理诊断证实为宫颈癌的35例老年人组(年龄 ≥ 60岁)患者和同期159例对照组(年龄 < 60岁)患者的围手术期各方面的资料，比较两组之间术前合并症情况、手术方式和术后并发症发生率的差异。结果：老年人组和对照组比较结果示：1) 老年人组合并心血管疾病(P = 0.017)、呼吸系统疾病(P = 0.006)、低蛋白血症(P = 0.023)和糖尿病(P = 0.032)等合并症的病例多于对照组；2) 两组的手术方式的差异无统计学意义(P值均 > 0.05)；3) 老年人组术后并发症发生率为8.57％，对照组的为5.66％，两组之间的差异无统计学意义(χ2 = 0.521, P = 0.470)。结论：老年人宫颈癌患者有较多的术前合并症，针对其特殊的心理的和生理特点，做好充分围手术期护理，加强观察、精心护理、妥善处理，可降低术后并发症的发生率。

Abstract: Objective: to enhance the awareness of peri-operative nursing for elderly patients with cervical cancer and to form the basis of clinical nursing. Methods: the medical records on patients who underwent cervical cancer resection between November 2012 and January 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. The perioperative medical records proved by pathological diagnosis are divided into elderly group (age 60 or higher) with 35 cases and control group (age < 60) with 159 cases and the differences of two groups has been found by comparing the preoperative complications, surgical methods and rates of postoperative complications. Result: The results of comparing two groups are as follows: 1) cases of complication in the elderly group such as cardiovascular disease (P = 0.017), respiratory system disease (P = 0.006), hypoalbuminemia (P = 0.023) and diabetes (P = 0.032) are more than those in the control group. 2) No statistical significance (P > 0.05) of the surgical methods has been found. 3) the rates of preoperative complications of the elderly group and of the control group are 8.57％, 5.66％, respectively. There is no statistical significance between two groups. Conclusions: It seems that more preoperative complications occurred in elderly patients with cervical cancer and the rates of postoperative complications could be decreased if we nurse patients carefully and thoroughly.