基于ABAQUS的U型焊缝焊接过程模拟和应力分析

Simulation and Stress Analysis of U-Shaped Seam Welding Process Based on ABAQUS

摘要: 目前，在工业界，化工容器、反应塔等有大型化的趋势。在大型设备中，容器壁的拼接焊缝广泛采用U型焊缝结构。本文采用ABAQUS软件，使用平面模型，对压力容器和塔类设备中常用的U型焊缝焊接过程进行了模拟。计算中，对于焊接材料部分，采用了单元死活技术，而且划分了更加细密的网格。计算模型是采用CATIA软件建立的平面模型，在该软件的插件中，将模型变换为ABAQUS软件直接读取的软件模型。计算可以给出每道焊接的温度分布和应力分布。同时，焊接过程考虑了焊接后的冷却。在计算模拟后，还给出了整体结构的应力分布和应变能变化曲线。

Abstract: At present, there is a large-scale trend for chemical containers and reaction tower in the industry. In the large-scale equipment, U-shaped weld structure is widely used for splice weld of container wall. In this paper, by ABAQUS software, using plane models, U-shaped seam welding process was simulated, which was commonly used in pressure vessels and tower equipment. For welding material part, the “dead-actived elements” technique was applied in calculation, and the weld material part was divided into finer grid. The calculation model of the plane model was created using CATIA software, the software plug-in software was used to transform the model to directly read the ABAQUS software model. Calculation can be given to each welding temperature distribution and stress distribution. At the same time, the cooling after welding was considered in the welding process. Computer simulation gave the overall structure of the stress distribution and strain energy curve.