真实交通流动的元胞自动机直接模拟

The Direct Simulations of Cellular Automata for the Real Traffic Flow

摘要: 应用元胞自动机模型对城市道路交通流进行模拟，其中主要对一维、二维、及方形区域道路工况进行实现。制定交通规则分析不同初始条件和边界条件对所研究道路内车流的影响规律。结果表明：虽然在不同工况下，交通流的运动状态不同，但边界条件对车流密度的影响比初始条件影响大，时间越长，相差越明显，且当足够时间后，车流密度在边界条件附近波动；在同向双车道情况下，出现局部车流密度显著增大，在边界条件较大时会出现交通波现象，继续增大则出现长时间堵塞现象，得出了与实际情况相吻合的结论。

Abstract: The article simulates the urban traffic flow with the application of Cellular Automata model, mainly targeting at simulations of one-dimensional lane, two-dimensional lane and square. We establish traffic rules and analyze the fluctuation of traffic flow under different initial conditions and boundary conditions. The result shows that the boundary conditions make greater difference to the traffic density than the initial conditions. The traffic density will fluctuate around the boundary when the duration is enough. In the case of the two-dimensional lane, the part of traffic density will balloon; the traffic wave will appear when the boundary condition is relatively great, and traffic jam engenders if the conditions keep accelerating. All the results accord with the reality.