国外自杀遗书研究现状述评
Latest Introduction of Suicide Notes Research in the West
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2014.44081, PDF, HTML, 下载: 3,080  浏览: 12,577 
作者: 梁书玉, 王卫红：西南大学心理学部，重庆
关键词: 自杀；自杀遗书；内容分析；Suicide； Suicide Notes； Content Analysis
摘要: 自杀是一个全世界普遍关注的问题，而自杀遗书是行为者结束自己生命意愿和想法的一种表达方式，心理学家进行自杀遗书研究对于了解自杀现象、探究自杀行为背后的原因非常必要。文章对国外近几十年来有关自杀遗书的心理学研究进行了述评，主要内容包括自杀遗书研究的发展状况、研究方法以及自杀遗书研究的临床应用，其中重点介绍了内容分析的研究状况和相应的研究方法。目前国内自杀遗书研究领域几乎是一片空白，因此，在中国文化背景下开展自杀遗书的研究对人们预测自杀者的动机、减少自杀行为至关重要。
Abstract: Suicide is of catholic concern all over the world, and the suicide note is one way in which the suicide people express their willing and thought of killing themselves. It is necessary to study suicide notes in Psychology which can understand the suicide and explore its reasons. This article presented a concise summary of recent psychological studies on suicide notes which include the study’s focal points of suicide notes, research method and the clinical application within these aspects respectively in detail: research situation of content analysis and the corresponding research method. There has been almost a blank on the study of suicide notes in China at the present time; thereby the research on suicide notes in Chinese culture context is the trend of research in this field.
文章引用：梁书玉, 王卫红 (2014). 国外自杀遗书研究现状述评. 心理学进展, 4(4), 602-608. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/AP.2014.44081

参考文献

[1] 李朝旭, 姜璐璐, 郭连上, 等(2010). 中国社会心理学知识体系初探——基于54本教材的内容分析. 心理科学, 3期, 765-767.
[2] 王求是, 刘建新, 申荷永(2006). 国外自杀心理学研究与理论评介. 心理科学进展, 1期, 105-110.
[3] 余娟(2006). 论心理学研究中的内容分析法. 河西学院学报, 1期, 74-77.
[4] 周莉, 姜潮, 胡冬梅, 等(2006). 心理解剖在中国自杀研究中应用的可行性. 中国心理卫生杂志, 1期, 19-22.
[5] Atal, D. K., Das, S., & Gautam, P. (2014). Importance of suicide note: In Indian context. Medico-Legal Update, 14, 1-5.
[6] Bancroft, J., Skrimshire, A., & Simkin, S. (1976). The reasons people give for taking overdoses. British Journal of Psychiatry, 128, 538-548.
[7] Bhatia, M. S., Verma, S. K., & Murty, O. P. (2006). Suicide notes: Psychological and clinical profile. International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 36, 163-170.
[8] Birol, D., Leenaars, A. A., et al. (2008). Farewell to the world: Suicide notes from Turkey. Suicide& Life-Threatening Behavior, 38, 122-127.
[9] Black, S. T. (1993). Comparing genuine and simulated suicide notes: A new perspective. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 699-702.
[10] Callanan, V. J., & Davis, M. S. (2009). A comparison of suicide note writers with suicides who did not leave notes. Sui-cide&Life-Threatening behavior, 39, 558-568.
[11] Canetto, S., & Lester, D. (2002). Love and achievement motives in women’s and men’s suicide notes. The Journal of Psychology, 136, 573-576.
[12] Chávez-Hernández, A.-M., & Leenaars, A. A. (2006). Suicide notes in Mexico: What do they tell us? Suicide& Life- Threatening Behavior, 36, 709-715.
[13] Coster, D., & Lester, D. (2013). Last words: Analysis of suicide notes from an REBCT perspective: An exploratory study. New York: Springer Science Business Media.
[14] Dejong, T. M., Overholser, J. C., & Stockmeier, C. A. (2010). Apples to oranges? A direct comparison between suicide attempters and suicide completers. Journal of Affective Disorders, 124, 90-97.
[15] Farberow, N. L. (1994). The psychology of suicide: A clinician’s guide to evaluation and treatment. Guidelines to suicide, 133.
[16] Foster, T. (2003, 2004). Suicide note themes and suicide prevention. International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 33, 323-331.
[17] Ho, T. P., Yip, P. S., Chiu, C. W., & Halliday, P. (1998). Suicide notes: What do they tell us? Acta Psycbiatrica Scandinavica, 98, 467-473.
[18] Joiner, T. E., Pettit, J. W., Walker, R. L., Voelz, Z. R., Cruz, J., Rudd, M. D., & Lester, D. (2002). Perceived burdensomeness and suicidality: Two studies on the suicide notes of those attempting and those completing suicide. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 21, 531-545.
[19] Leenaars, A. A. (1996). Suicide: A multidimensional malaise. Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior, 26, 221-236.
[20] Leenaars, A. A. (1999). Suicide across the adult life span: Replications and failures. Archive of Suicide Research, 5, 261-274.
[21] Leenaars, A. A., Girdhar, S., Dogar, T. D., et al. (2010). Suicide notes from India and the United States: A thematic comparison. Death Studies, 34, 426-440.
[22] McNeil, D. E., Fordwood, S. R., et al. (2008). Effects of Training on suicide risk assessment. Psychiatric Services, 59, 1462- 1465.
[23] O’Connor, R., & Leenaars, A. (2004). A thematic comparison of suicide notes drawn from Northern Ireland and the United States. Current Psychology, 22, 339-347.
[24] Osgood, C. E., & Walker, E. G. (1959). Motivation and language behavior: A content analysis of suicide notes. The Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology, 59, 58-67.
[25] Pennebaker, J. W., Francis, M. E., & Booth, R. J. (2001). Linguistic inquiry and word count. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
[26] Pestian, J. P., Leenaars, A. A., Matykiewicz, P., Bennett, A., & Leenaars, A. (2010). Suicide note classification using natural language processing: A content analysis. Biomedical Informatics Insights, 3, 19-28.
[27] Pestian, J. P., Matykiewicz, P., Linn-Gust, M., South, B., Uzuner, O., Wiebe, J., Cohen, K. B., Hurdle, J., & Brew, C. (2012). Sentiment analysis of suicide notes: A shared task. Biomedical Informatics Insights, 5, 3-16.
[28] Roges, J. R., Bromley, J. L., McNally, C. J., & Lester, D. (2007). Content analysis of suicide notes as a test of the motivational component of the existential-constructivist mode of suicide. Journal of Counseling and Development, 85, 182-188.
[29] Shneidman, E. (1985). Definition of suicide. New York: Wiley.
[30] Shneidman, E. S. (1996). The suicidal mind. New York: Oxford University Press.
[31] Shneidman, E., & Farberow, N. (1957). Clues to suicide. New York: McGraw-Hill.
[32] Xu, Y., Wang, Y., Liu, J. H., Tu, Z. W., Sun, J. T., Tsujii, J., & Chang, E. (2012). Suicide note sentiment classification. Biomedical Informatics Insights, 5, 31-41.
[33] Yeh, E., Jarrold, W., & Jordan, J. (2012). Leveraging psycholinguistic resources and emotional sequence models for suicide note emotion annotation. Biomedical Informatics Insights, 5, 155-163.