意象图式在日语被动句教学中的探索与应用

Exploration and Application of Image Schema on the Japanese Teaching about Passive Sentences

摘要: 借鉴日本語文法記述協会关于被动句的分类标准，将日语被动句划分为：直接被动句、间接被动句和所有者被动句。运用认知语言学中的意象图式理论，探讨日语各被动句的表现形式与其体现的事态构造之间的关系，在此基础上进一步指出：直接被动句是原型，所有者被动句介于直接被动句与间接被动句之间，与二者构成连续的统一体。这一发现为日语被动句的教学提供了新的思路和手段，同时也为日语学习者提供了一种非传统语言学的可行方式。

Abstract: According to the Classification of the Japanese Grammar-Account Association (JGAA) about passive sentences, Japanese passive sentences are divided into three types: direct passive sentences, indi-rect passive sentences and owner passive sentences. In this paper, the relation between the ex-pression forms of all types of Japanese passive sentences and their event structure is discussed by ap- plying the image schema theory of cognitive linguistics. Based on it, a conclusion is further pointed out, i.e., of the unity constituted by the three types of Japanese passive sentences, direct passive sentences are the prototype while owner passive sentences are linked between the other two types. The presented conclusion provides new ideas and means for Japanese teaching of passive sentences. Meanwhile, it also provides a feasible learning style of non-traditional linguistics for Japanese learners.