OCT检测眼底视网膜黄斑部的病变分析

Analyzing the Application of OCT in Examining Retinal Macular Diseases

摘要: 目的：探讨在体检中应用OCT检测眼底视网膜黄斑部的病变情况。方法：收集在本院健康体检中，自愿应用OCT在眼底视网膜黄斑部检查9202名，其中男性5926名，女性3276名，年龄23~72 (47.5 ± 24.5)岁。视力0.05~1.5。分析在体检人群中发生视网膜黄斑部的病变情况及原因。结果OCT体检9202人，视网膜黄斑区病灶1928人，检出率21%。其中：玻璃体后脱离733人7.97%，黄斑色素紊乱465人5.05%，玻璃体疣262人2.85%，黄斑前膜199人2.16%，色素上皮脱离114人1.24%，黄斑裂孔96人1.04%，中浆29人0.32%，视网膜劈裂17人0.18%,中渗13人0.14%。结论：采用OCT检测能够清楚直观了解眼底黄斑区视网膜各层细胞组织结构和病变分布，清楚黄斑区各种病变的形态大小、边界，对患者确定早期治疗方案及预后具有重要的指导价值。

Abstract: Purpose: Discussing the application of OCT in examining retinal macular diseases. Method: Col-lecting data from people who were willing to have OCT examination in retinal macula, during their health examination in the hospital. Among 9202 volunteers, 5926 are male, 3276 are female. Their age is between 23 - 72 (47.5 ± 24.5), vison acuity 0.05 - 1.5. Analysing the severity and reasons of retinal macular diseases among health examination population, 9202 volunteers were examined, 1928 of whom were diagnosed of macular diseases, the positive rate was 21%. Among them, 733 volunteers (7.97%) were diagnosed of posterior vitreous detachment, 465 volunteers (5.05%) macular pigment disorder, 262 volunteers (2.85%) vitreous wart, 199 volunteers (2.16%) macular epiretinal membrane, 114 volunteers (1.24%) pigment epithelium detachment, 96 volunteers (1.04%) macular hole, 29 volunteers (0.32%) central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), 17 volunteers (0.18%) retinoschisis, 13 volunteers (0.14%) central serous infiltration. Conclusion: OCT examination has significant effect on observing layer structure of retinal macula as well as its lesion distribution. Besides, the shape, area and boundary of lesions can be observed as well, which plays a vital role in diagnosing and determining the treatment plan timely.