兴安落叶松中水分、多糖和单宁的动态分布

Dynamic Distribution of Moisture, Polysaccharides and Tannins in Larix gmelinii

摘要: 采用超声辅助提法从兴安落叶松原料中提取糖类和单宁，考察了兴安落叶松树木的不同部位中糖类和单宁的含量差异。进而得出糖类和单宁等成分在兴安落叶松中的分布情况。结果表明：横向含水率边材较少，树皮的含水率其次，而心材的含水率较多，尤其是靠近髓的部位含水率最多；纵向含水率由树木的根部至上依次减少(8%~13%)。横向糖类物质的含量心材的外侧靠近边材的部位最多，边材其次，心材靠近髓的部位含量更少。纵向糖类物质的含量随高度的增加而增多，在6米处达到最高，之后随高度的增加含量变化不明显。单宁物质多集中分布于树皮和边材中，树皮中含量大约为边材含量的4~5倍，纵向单宁的含量随高度的增加而增多，在10~12米处达到最高，之后随高度的增加含量略有降低。

Abstract: Ultrasonic-assisted extraction technology was applied for extracting saccharides and tannin from Larix gmelinii. The content differences of saccharides and tannins in different parts of Larix gmelinii were simultaneously investigated and then the detailed distribution of saccharides and tannin was obtained. Results showed that the transverse moisture content of sapwood is the lowest, followed by bark, and the heartwood is very high, especially the part nearby the pith which is the most abundant. The longitudinal moisture content of Larix gmelinii decreased in turn from the roots to trunk (8% - 13%). The transverse saccharides content in Larix gmelinii in the outside heartwood nearby the sapwood is the highest, followed by the sapwood and that of the heartwood close to the pith is the lowest. The longitudinal saccharides content increased with the increase of the height and reached the highest at 6 meters high; after that it changed not significantly with the increasing of the height. The content of tannins mainly distributed in the bark and sapwood and the content in bark was about 4 - 5 times that of the sapwood. The longitudinal tannins content increased with the increase of the height and reached the highest at 10 - 12 meters, and then it slightly reduced with the further increasing of height.