杨梅优良品种在美国加利福尼亚州引种初报

Introduction of Yangmei Elite Varieties in California

摘要: 杨梅是我国亚热带特色水果，在国外很少种植。本试验首次在美国加利福尼亚州中部沿海的佛利蒙市成功引种了国内优良品种，证明了国内杨梅良种在适当的栽培措施下可以适应加州的气候土壤条件。其中荸荠种和水晶种生长良好，在嫁接次年结果。除荸荠种可能因为第一年结果和干旱影响而果形偏小外，果实的品质、风味较好，荸荠种和水晶种果实的可溶性固形物平均含量分别为12.1%和12.5%。东魁在嫁接后前两年长势较弱，有待继续观察。

Abstract: Yangmei (Red bayberry) is a sub-tropical specialty fruit of China, and is not commonly cultivated in other countries. The current introduction successfully established Chinese elite yangmei varieties in Fremont, California, USA, demonstrating the adaptability of these elite varieties under the local climate and soil conditions when adequate cultivation methods were used. The varieties “Biqi” and “Shuijing” grew well, and started fruiting in the second year after these varieties were grafted to rootstock. The “Biqi” fruits were small, probably due to the drought, and to the fact that this was the first year of fruiting. Otherwise, fruit quality and flavor were good, with the average total soluble solid contents of the “Biqi” and “Shuijing” fruits being 12.1% and 12.5%, respectively. The “Dongkui” variety had relatively weak growth in the first two years, and required continued observation./span>