青蒿素生物合成分子调控研究进展

Advances in Molecular Regulation of Artemisinin Biosynthesis

摘要: 青蒿素是一种含有过氧基团的倍半萜内酯化合物，是目前已知的世界上最有效的疟疾治疗药物。青蒿素的主要来源是青蒿，因此青蒿中青蒿素的生物合成调控已成为研究的热点。文章综述了青蒿素生物合成的途径，重点介绍青蒿素生物合成途径中的关键酶。此外，文章还介绍了近年来青蒿素生物合成分子调控方面的研究进展，主要集中于如何有效提升青蒿素含量的方法从而有助于青蒿素的稳定供应。

Abstract: Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone compound with an endoperoxide bridge, is a new and the most potent antimalarial drug. Commercially available artemisinin is extracted from Artemisia annua L. plants. Therefore, the regulation of artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua has be-come a hot spot. This paper reviews the ways of artesunate biosynthesis, especially the key enzymes and gene regulation in the biosynthesis. The review also presents the advances in molecular regulation of artemisinin biosynthesis, it focuses on how to enhance the artemisinin content to help stabilize the supply of artemisinin.