雪茄茄芯烟叶堆垛发酵技术研究与应用

The Study and Application of Cigar Filler Stacking Fermentation Technology

摘要: 烟叶发酵主要有自然发酵和人工发酵两类。烟叶类型和配方作用需求不同，其发酵方法也不同。根据雪茄烟叶的特性和产品市场品质需求，其发酵方法采用堆垛发酵，属于人工发酵，适用于茄芯烟叶，也用于茄套、茄衣烟叶。其原理是将烟叶置于一定含水量条件下，堆码成一定体积的烟堆，依赖烟叶自热作用产生的热量，促进烟叶内在物质产生一系列生物或化学变化，减少原烟品质缺陷，增强吸食性，从而达到改进烟叶内在品质，提升工业可用性的目的。

Abstract: The way of tobacco leaf fermentation can be divided into natural fermentation and artificial fer-mentation which are used according to the type of tobacco. Based on the cigar tobacco leaf’s characteristic and market demand, we choose stacking fermentation which belongs to artificial fermentation. The stacking fermentation applies to filler, binder and wrapper. The principle of stacking fermentation is to keep the leaves in a certain moisture content level and stack them as a pile; then the leaves start self-heating and the heat leads to a series of chemical and biological changes in the leaves which can reduce the raw tobacco leaf’s quality defects, and increase its smoking quality, thus enhancing its inner quality and industrial usability.