试论拉克洛《危险的关系》的叙事时间

On the Narrative Time in Laclos’ Les Liaisons Dangereuses

摘要: 文学创作是一种在时间中展开和完成的艺术。作为一种特殊的文学体裁，书信体小说是由一个或者几个人物写的书信来推进叙述的小说。在出现多个书写者的书信体小说中，作者可以通过各位人物作者的书信对于同一事件进行记录、描述以表达多种观点；也可根据情节需要变换人物作者的叙事方式，建立其所需的时间场。《危险的关系》是法国作家拉克洛的力作，作者凭借自己高超的写作能力，用175封信将整个复杂的故事内容近乎完美地表达出来，一封封看似不经意的信件不断推动情节向前发展。本文将借助叙事学理论中叙事时间对《危险的关系》进行赏析，共同领略书信体小说叙事时间的艺术魅力。

Abstract: Literary writing is an art started and completed in time. Epistolary novel, a special literary genre, is a novel relying on letters of the characters to help with the narration. Multiple “letter writers” in an epistolary novel will enable the author to describe a single event through different letters to demonstrate differing points of view; he can also change the writer’s narrative method when necessary to build the certain time field(s). In his masterpiece Les Liaisons Dangereuses, the French writer Pierre Choderlos de Laclos exquisitely depicts a highly complex story with 175 seemingly advertent letters to constantly drive the plot forward. This paper will try to review and analyze Les Liaisons Dangereuses under the time theory of narratology so as to provide the readers a classic approach to enjoy the charm of narrative time in epistolary novels.