模拟法测绘静电场实验中问题的研究

The Study on the Problem Appeared in the Experiments of Simulating Electrostatic Field

摘要: 模拟法测绘静电场是利用稳恒电流场与静电场的相似性来模拟电场分布的一种方法，该方法没有考虑边界条件对实验结果产生的影响，为了验证实验设定的绝缘边界条件下能够较好的反应实际电场的分布，本文分别从理论、实验和计算机模拟三个方面定性的研究了两平行长直圆导线模型的电场分布。理论上计算了不存在边界情况下的电场分布，实验使用GVZ-3型静电场描绘仪对两平行长直圆导线电场进行了模拟，使用MATLAB的pdetool工具模拟了多种不同边界条件下的电势分布情况。结果表明，设定边界条件为绝缘时能够较好的模拟静电场分布。

Abstract: The experiments of simulating the electrostatic field are based on the similarity of current field and electric field. This method does not take the effect of boundary into consideration. In order to illustrate that the effect of insulated boundary is insignificant, three methods are used to study the electric field of a couple of parallel straight wires with infinite length and round section. In this paper, the electric field of a couple of parallel straight wires with infinite length and round section is studied in theory and experiment. And it is also simulated by MATLAB in which different kinds of boundaries are taken into consideration. The result shows that when the boundary is insulated, the experiment can reflect the actual electrostatic field accurately.