共偏移反射面元叠加
PDF, 下载: 1,426  浏览: 2,958 
作者: 潘兰：中石化华东分公司勘探开发研究院, 江苏南京；贺剑波：江苏省地质勘查技术院, 江苏南京
关键词: 共反射面元叠加;共散射点道集;信噪比;映射方法;共偏移反射面元叠加;偏移剖面
摘要: 传统的共反射面元(CRS)叠加都是基于共中心点(CMP)道集做的,只能得到地下构造没有准确归位的叠加剖面。考虑将CRS方法的优势扩展到成像域,即基于共散射点(CSP)道集进行CRS叠加,该方法的第一步就是获得高信噪比的CSP道集。针对传统的CSP映射方法存在映射噪声、映射效率等问题,提出了一种新的CSP道集映射方法,然后对CSP道集进行偏移成像,称作共偏移反射面元(CMRE)叠加。由于考虑了相邻的CSP道集,增加了叠加道数,能够得到一个高质量的偏移剖面。模型数据和实际资料的结果证明了该方法的准确性和有效性。
文章引用：潘兰, 贺剑波. 共偏移反射面元叠加[J]. 石油天然气学报, 2015, 37(9&10): 14-21.

参考文献

[1] Hubral P. Computing true amplitude reflections in a laterally inhomeogeneousearth [J] . Geophysics, 1983, 48 (8): 1052~1062.
[2] Bortfeld R. Geometrical ray theory: Rays and traveltimes in seismic systems (second-order approximations of the traveltimes) [J] . Geophysics, 1989, 54 (3): 342~349
[3] Mann J, Jager R, Muller T. Common reflection surface stack———a real data example [J] . Appl Geophys, 1999, 42 (3-4): 301~318.
[4] Jager R, Mann J, Hocht G, et al. Common reflection surface stack: Image and attributes [J] . Geophysics, 2001, 66 (1): 97~109.
[5] Bergler S, Mann J, Hocht G, et al. The finite-offset CRS stack: An alternative stacking tool for subsalt imaging [J] . Geophysical Prospecting, 2002, 31 (3): 865~901.
[6] 杨锴,许士勇,王华忠,等. 倾角分解共反射面元叠加方法[J]. 地球物理学报,2005,48 (5):1148~1155.
[7] 杨锴,马在田,罗卫东. 输出道方式的共反射面元叠加方法Ⅱ———实践[J]. 地球物理学报,2006,49 (3):895~902.
[8] Garabito G, Ferreira C A S, Cruz J C R. CRS-beam PSDM: Kirchhoff-beam prestack depth migration using the CRS operator [Z] . Annual Report of WIT, 2010.
[9] Fomel S, Kazinnik R. Non-hyperbolic common reflection surface [J] . Geophysical Prospecting, 2012, 46 (5): 1365~2478.
[10] Bancroft J C, Geiger H D. Equivalent offsets and CRP gathers for pre-stack migration [C] . 64th Ann Internat, Soc Expl Geophys, Expanded Abstracts, 1994: 672~675.
[11] 勾丽敏,刘学伟,刘西宁,等. 散射波速度分析方法在南华北盆地破碎地层发育区的应用[J]. 石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(6):873~881.
[12] 李振春,郭朝斌,张凯,等. 论碳酸盐岩探区时间域速度分析[J]. 地球物理学进展,2011,26 (2):549~556.
[13] 秦宁,李振春,等. 叠前多级优化联合偏移速度建模[J]. 地球物理学进展,2013,28 (1):320~327.
[14] 王勇,朱亚平,杨慧珠.共散射点成像及其在低信噪比三维地震数据处理中的应用[J]. 石油地球物理勘探,2000,33 (1):20~26.
[15] 王伟,尹军杰,刘学伟,等. 等效偏移距方法及应用[J]. 地球物理学报,2007,50 (6):1823~1830.
[16] 尹军杰. 低信噪比地震数据散射波成像方法及应用[J]. 煤炭学报,2010,12(12):2064~2067.
[17] 张凯. 叠前偏移速度分析方法研究[D]. 上海:同济大学,2008.
[18] Dell S, Gajewski D. Common scatter mapping [Z] . Annual WIT Report, 2009: 40~54.
[19] Baykulov M, Gajewski D. Partial 3D CRS stack [Z] . Annual Report of WIT, 2009.
[20] Schleicher J, Tygel M, Hubral P. Parabolic and hyperbolic paraxial two-point traveltimes in 3D media [J] . Geophys Prosp, 1993, 41 (4): 495~514.
[21] Hocht G, de Bazelaire E, Majer P, et al. Seismic and optics: hyperbolae and curvatures [J] . Journal of Applied Geophysics, 1999, 42 (3-4): 261~281.
[22] Dell S, Gajewski D. Prestack time migration by common migrated reflector element stacking [J] . Geophysics, 2012, 77 (3): 73~82.
[23] Dell S, Gajewski D. Diffraction imaging based on common-reflection-surface-attributes [Z] . SEG, 2011: 3866~3870.
[24] Endrias G. A new approach to post-stack-diffraction-separation [Z] . SEG, 2011: 3861~3865.
[25] Hertweck T. CRS-based seismic imaging workflow———theory and synthetic data example [Z] .Annual WIT report, 2003: 140~149.
[26] Santos L T, Schleicher J, Costa J C, et al. Fast estimation of CRS Parameters using local slopes [Z] . Annual Report of WIT, 2008.
[27] Santos L T, Schleicher J, Costa J C, et al. Fast estimation of CRS parameters using local slopes in inhomogeneous media [Z] . Annual Report of WIT, 2010.
[28] Dümmong S, Gajewski D. Geological constains in the CRS parameter search [Z] . Annual Report of WIT, 2009.
[29] Asgedom E G, Tygel M, Gelius L J. Higher resolusion determination of zero offset common reflection surface (CRS) stack [Z] . Annual Report of WIT, 2010