基于SCA的静态破碎剂性能研究

Research of Static Blasting Agent Based on SCA

摘要: 静态破碎技术是对传统爆破技术是一种重要补充，可广泛应用于各类对爆炸、冲击等限制的场所。将膨胀剂和水泥进行不同混合后注入玻璃瓶内，研究温度变化规律和玻璃瓶开裂时间，然后利用应力片测试不同时间的膨胀压力，最后进行模拟混凝土破碎试验。研究结果表明静态破碎剂随着水泥相对掺量的增加，凝结时间逐渐增加，玻璃瓶开裂时间也明显增加。SCA膨胀剂终凝时间基本都在半小时左右，其玻璃瓶开裂时间在三个半小时左右，此时最高升温达到15℃，而掺水泥的破碎剂其玻璃瓶开裂时间一般延迟到1~2天。SCA膨胀剂2小时以内出现少量收缩外，此后体积一直膨胀，24小时最大膨胀约，该理论膨胀压力超过3 MPa，而掺水泥的破碎剂要到48小时才能达到最大50 με。SCA膨胀剂作为破碎剂，对于普通混凝土破碎时间为3~5小时，通过掺入普通硅酸盐水泥来调节破碎时间可以延迟到24小时，为各类具体静态破碎施工提供多种选择。

Abstract: The soundless cracking agent is an important supplement to traditional blasting technique, and can be widely applied in all kinds of occasions which are limited for blasting and lashing. There are four steps of the test—injecting swelling agent and cement into glass bottles in a different ratio, studying the changing rule of temperature and the breaking time of glass bottle, testing expansion pressure with stress patch in different time, and simulating concrete crushing experiment. The result shows that with the increasing volume of cement in static breaking agent, setting time and breaking time of glass bottle also show an obvious increase. Final setting time of SCA expansion agent is 30 minutes on average, and the breaking time of glass bottle is three and a half hours on average with a 15˚C temperature rise in peak, while breaking time of bottle glass of cement blended ones presents a delay of one or two days. SCA expansion agent shows a small amount shrink within two hours, and then keeps swelling in 24 hours in a peak intensity for about 75 με. The theoretical expansion pressure is over 3 MPa. While cement blended ones cost 48 hours to get the peak intensity for 50 με. SCA expansion agent’s breaking time to ordinary concrete is three to five hours. Blending ordinary Portland cement can adjust the breaking time for a delay of 24 hours, which provides a multiple choice for all kinds of concrete static crushing construction.