基于层次分析法的荒漠退化程度评价

Evaluation of the Degree of Desertification Degradation Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

摘要: 本文研究的是三种放牧方式下荒漠生态退化程度判定及改善退化问题。本文基于内蒙古数学中国数据，针对荒漠生态退化问题进行了分析，先确定评价退化程度的指标体系，分为动物群落与植物群落，再对其结构指标体系进行分层。利用主成分分析法对指标体系进行了最终确定；确定指标体系以后，根据生态退化指标公式对指标体系中的主要指标的初始数据通过极差法进行了标准化，并通过层次分析法计算了评价指标对最终的生态退化指数的权重；最后通过核心公式得到每一种干扰形式下的样地退化程度。最终发现轮牧相对于过牧与开垦而言对生态退化的影响不是特别大，如果能在这样的放牧形式下加以人工栽种则可以改善荒漠的生态情况。

Abstract: In this paper, we study the degree of desertification degradation in three ways. This paper is based on Inner Mongolia Chinese mathematical data. The desert ecological degradation is analyzed. Firstly, we determine the assessment of degradation degree index system and hierarchical structure of the index system, which is divided into animal communities and plant communities. Secondly, we determine the index system by using the principal component analysis method. After establishing the evaluation index system, according to ecological degradation index formula, we standardize the initial data of the main indexes for the index system and calculate the weight of evaluation index on the final ecological degradation index by using the analytic hierarchy process. Finally, all degraded degrees in the form of interference are obtained through the core formula. In the end, rotational grazing compared to over grazing and reclamation of ecological degradation is not a particularly big impact. If in this form of grazing, it will improve the ecological environment of the desert.