中美航空院校学生创新思维差异与培养措施研究—基于中国民航大学和美国佛罗里达理工学院的问卷调查

Differences and Training Measures of Creative Thinking between Sino-US Aviation Academy Students—Based on the Questionnaires of CAUC and FIT

摘要: 本文以创新思维为研究对象，以中国民航大学和美国佛罗里达理工学院的问卷调查为基础，以创造性思维测验和威廉斯创造力倾向测验量表测试为研究工具，研究中美航空学生在创新思维水平上的差异；本文还借助多层次模糊综合评价模型判断影响创新思维的关键因素，从而探讨创新思维培养的有效措施。研究表明，虽然中国被试的整体创新思维水平不如美国被试，但中国被试的变通性普遍较强，具备较大的创新潜力。知识储备水平和国际化视野是影响创新思维发生的关键，问题导向性自主学习、坚持不懈的探索和实践动手能力则是影响创新思维转化的核心，应增加立体化、综合性案例，融入开放式、设计性实验，引导学生科学使用思维导图等，从而培养学生的创新思维。

Abstract: Based on a questionnaire survey of both the students from Civil Aviation University of China, and the students from Florida Institute of Technology, the level difference between Sino-US Aviation academy students on creative thinking is tested by using the TCI and WFPT tools. The affecting factors and training measures of creative thinking are also studied by using a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. It is found that the Chinese subjects’ overall level of creative thinking is lower than that of USA subjects, but the flexibility of the Chinese subjects is generally great and shows a great potential for innovation. It is also found that the levels of knowledge and the international perspective are the key factors on creative thinking, while the problem-oriented learning, unremitting exploration, and the practical ability are the core of the creative thinking. In order to upgrade the level of creative thinking, the comprehensive cases studies and open designed experiment should be introduced into teaching, and the scientific use of mind maps should be guided.