大学生手机依赖与自我同一性关系的研究

An Investigation on the Relationship of Dependence of Phones and Identity Status of College Students

摘要: 为研究当代大学生手机依赖状况、自我同一性发展特点以及两者之间的关系，本文采用郭金山修订的大学生自我同一性状态量表、以及杜立操和熊少青编制的手机依赖倾向量表对433大学生进行研究。结果发现：1) 有75.3%的大学生在自我同一性方面仍然处于未分化状态；2) 在自我同一性的弥散和延缓维度上，男生得分显著低于女生；高年级显著低于低年级(p < 0.05)；3) 不同同一性类型的大学生的手机依赖总分存在显著差异(p < 0.05)，转化型要显著高于成就型和未分化型，且在手机依赖的去断性维度上转化型要显著高于成就型、延缓型和未分化型(p < 0.05)；4) 大学生自我同一性与手机依赖总分存在显著正相关(p < 0.01)，自我同一性4个维度对手机依赖具有显著正向预测作用。本研究得出以下结论：1) 大部分大学生仍处于未分化状态，引导大学生建立良好的自我同一性迫在眉睫；2) 自我同一性完成程度高的大学生手机依赖程度较轻；3) 大学生自我同一性对手机依赖具有显著预测作用。

Abstract: To investigate the relationship of dependence of phones and identity status of college student, this study used EOM-ELS-2 (Guo Jinshan) and Mobile Dependency Scale (Du Licao, Xiong Shaoqing) to analyze 433 college students and had the following conclusions: 1) 75.3% of college students are still in undifferentiated self-identity. 2) The score of girls is higher than boys while lower grades are higher than higher grades in diffusion dimension and moratorium dimension. All the differences above were tested with statistic significant (p < 0.05). 3) The phone dependence was tested with statistic significant scores of different types of college students. Transition type is higher than pure achievement type and undifferentiated type (p < 0.05), and in the disarticulation dimension transition is higher than pure achievement type, pure moratorium type and undifferentiated type (p < 0.05). 4) The positive correlation between EOM-ELS-2 and Mobile Dependency Scale is significant (p < 0.01). The EOM-ELS-2 has significant effect on Mobile Dependency Scale (p < 0.01). In this study, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) Most students remain in an undifferentiated state. It is imminent to guide students to establish a good self-identity. 2) The better self-identity situation is, the lighter mobile phone dependence is. 3) The EOM-ELS-2 has significant effect on Mobile Dependency Scale.