长江口深水航道治理工程水文监测技术应用

Applications of Hydrological Monitoring Techniques in the Deep-Water Navigational Channel in the Changjiang River Estuary

摘要: 长江口河势多变，潮流、含沙量时空变化复杂，航道治理难度大。在长江口深水航道治理工程建设过程中，水文监测部门采用ADCP测流、GPS导航定位、OBS测沙等新技术与流速流向仪测流、横式采样器取分层悬移质含沙量等常规技术相结合的技术路线；收集了不同的上游来水和长江口区代表潮等水沙边界条件、工程的不同时期、航道的不同区段的潮流、含沙量资料。这些为工程设计、施工、维护、动态管理提供了科学依据，为工程的数模、物模的率定和验证提供了基础资料。

Abstract: Due to rapidly changing river regimes and high temporal and spatial variability of tidal currents and suspended sediment concentrations, the regulation of the navigational channel has been greatly difficult in the estuary of Changjiang River. During the construction of the regulation project of the deep-water navigational channel in the estuary, the hydrological monitoring department has utilized the new techniques including ADCP, GPS and OBS together with the conventional techniques including the current speed and direction meter for the measurements of tidal currents and the horizontal sampler for the layered sampling of suspended sediment concentrations. Tidal currents and suspended sediment concentrations have been collected for the different river discharges from the upper reach under the different flow/sediment boundary conditions for the characteristic tides at the different phases of the regulation project and in the different areas of the navigational channel. The results have provided scientific basis for project design, construction, maintenance and dynamic management. The basic data set can be used for calibration and verification of mathematical and physical models.