利川莼菜生境地水质分析

Water Quality Analysis of Brasenia schreberi Living Environment in Lichuan

摘要: 利川为莼菜发现和保护的原生地。莼菜生长对水质的要求很高。为评估利川莼菜生长的野生和栽培环境的水质情况，本论文对莼菜野生境黄腊池水样、栽培地朱家河坝和水源头村水样营养元素进行分析。研究表明，黄腊池水样化学需氧量(COD)为15.4 mg/L，水源头村水样COD为1.0 mg/L。大量元素分析表明，莼菜野生地水样的总氮量、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺浓度较高，分别为1.93 mg/L、25.2 mg/L、3.45 mg/L；栽培地朱家河坝K+较高，为0.89 mg/L。调查分析表明水源头村标准化生产的莼菜果胶浓厚，总氮浓度1.47 mg/L、Ca²⁺浓度3.34 mg/L、K⁺浓度0.38 mg/L、Mg²⁺浓度0.62 mg/L (pH = 6.72)。调查结果表明，莼菜生长需要精细管理。莼菜野生地水体有机物含量较高，环境恶化，易地保护亟待加强。本研究为莼菜种质资源保护和实验室研究提供数据参考。

Abstract: Lichuan is the first discovered and protected area of the native growth land of Brasenia schreberi. The growth of Brasenia schreberi demands high quality of water. To assess the water quality of Brasenia schreberi living condition in Lichuan, the nutrient elements in the water of wild environment (Huang lachi) and cultivated environment (Zhujiahe ba and Shuiyuantou cun) were analyzed. The results showed that COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) in Huang lachi water samples reached 15.4 mg/L, and COD in Shuiyuantou cun water was 1.0 mg/L. The macronutrient elements analysis showed that total nitrogen content, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ concentration in the wild growth environment were relative higher than that of other places, reaching to 1.93 mg/L, 25.2 mg/L, 3.45 mg/L, respectively. K⁺ in Zhujiahe ba was higher than that of other places, reaching to 0.89 mg/L. Brasenia living in standardized pond in Shuiyuantou cun demonstrated thick Jelly-like organics, and the total nitrogen concentration in the water there is 1.47 mg/L, Ca²⁺ concentration is 3.34 mg/L, the concentration of K⁺ is 0.38 mg/L and the Mg²⁺ concentration is 0.62 mg/L (pH = 6.72). Our results indicated that good production and growth condition of Brasenia schreberi needs fine management. The higher organic content in the original and wild environment water indicated the deterioration of the wild growth environment, and wild living condition of Brasenia schreberi needs urgent conservation. This study also provided reference data for the germplasm resource protection and research of Brasenia schreberi in laboratory.