2015年公路G314群发性水毁灾害类型特征及成因分析

The Type Characteristics and Cause Analysis of Group Occurring Washout Disaster along G314 Road in 2015

摘要: 2015年7月30日至8月8日，新疆G314奥布段发生群发性水毁灾害，致使公路多处阻断且严重毁损。公路水毁灾害具有类型多、群发性、规模大、破坏力强等特点，主要类型包括路基冲毁破坏、泥石流掩埋破坏、挡墙冲毁破坏、桥涵冲毁破坏、防护工程损坏等。持续高温下冰川融水和局地短历时强降雨径流的叠加，促使盖孜河及支流暴发群发性洪水泥石流，公路设计欠合理和施工不恰当导致公路发生水毁灾害。研究成果可为公路设计养护和管理部门提供参考，为公路水毁防治提供指导。

Abstract: Massive waste washout disasters occurred in the Aobu section of highway G314 in Xinjiang, which led to severe traffic jam and serious road damage during 30th July to 8th August in 2015.The types of washout disasters includes the subgrade water logging, buried damage from debris flow and destruction of the bridge, retaining wall and protection engineering, etc., accompanied with the features of various types, group-occuring, large scale, and strong destructive power, and so on. The glacier melt-water with continuous high temperature and the local heavy rainfall with short duration together promote the occurrence of floods and debris flows along the Gaizi River and its tributaries. More important, due to unreasonable designing and inappropriate construction of the highway, the washout disasters along the highway have happened and caused heavy damage. The research results can provide reference for highway design maintenance and management, and provide the guidance for highway washout prevention.