基于TLS-ESPRIT算法的雾霾影响下的绝缘子泄漏电流高频特性的分析

Analysis of the Leakage Current High-Frequency Characteristics of Insulator under Fog and Haze Based on TLS-ESPRIT Algorithm

摘要: 近年来，大气污染的日趋严重导致雾霾天气在中国频繁出现。雾霾影响中的绝缘子处于极为不利的运行状态，闪络事故发生的可能性大大增加。为研究雾霾天气对绝缘子运行造成的影响，本文模拟了燃煤和汽车尾气导致的雾霾环境，测量了在不同雾霾成分作用下绝缘子表面的泄漏电流。采用TLS-ESPRIT算法分析，比较了无污秽、清洁雾喷淋的污秽绝缘子、以硝酸盐为主和以硫酸盐为主的污雾喷淋的污秽绝缘子泄漏电流高频段的频率特性。当绝缘子表面被盐溶液污染时，泄漏电流的幅值更大。高斯拟合结果显示，以硝酸盐为主的情况的幅频特性分别在f₁ = 1.318 MHz和f₂ = 1.468 MHz频率处存在峰值，以硫酸盐为主的情况的幅频特性在f₁ = 0.199 MHz、f₂ = 0.266 MHz、f₃ = 0.498 MHz、f₄ = 0.603 MHz频率处存在峰值。由于离子淌度和电荷量不同，以硝酸盐为主的情况峰值频率较高，表示泄漏电流能量更大。

Abstract: Fog and haze weathers appear frequently in recent years in China due to atmosphere pollution. In-sulator under fog and haze is functioning in extremely poor condition, and the possibility of flash over accident is greatly increased. In order to study the impact of fog and haze on the performance of insulator, this paper simulated a fog and haze environment caused by coal burning and automo-bile exhaust, and tested leek current under different conditions. TLS-ESPRIT is applied, and fre-quency characteristics of leakage current is compared between clean insulator, insulator with clear-fog, insulator with mainly sulfate fog and mainly nitrate fog. Leek current is increased if insu-lator is polluted by salt solution. Gaussian fitting showed that nitrate condition has peak frequency at f₁ = 1.318 MHz and f₂ = 1.468 MHz, while sulfate condition has peak frequency at f₁ = 0.199 MHz, f₂ = 0.266 MHz, f₃ = 0.498 MHz, f₄ = 0.603 MHz. Nitrate condition has higher peak frequency due to dif-ferences in ion mobility and quantity of electric charge.