我国民众对电子垃圾的认识和回收影响因素

Awareness and Influencing Factors on the Recycling of E-Waste among Chinese People

摘要: 近年来我国电子垃圾产量日趋剧增，再加上国外倾销导致了该问题极为突出。不同学者和专家分别提出多种回收处理方式如：延伸生产者责任制、逆向物流和移动电子垃圾回收站等。但这些方法均是在未充分考虑群众意识和市场需求的基础上提出的理想模式，能否充分发挥其作用，取决于民众对电子垃圾意识的增加。而目前针对我国民众电子垃圾回收意识的研究和调查较少，本论文围绕社会实践调查，综合2000多份调查问卷，进行多方面的采访和研究，总结出现如今地区环保部门对电子垃圾危害重视度不高，宣传力度不够，民众意识不足，缺乏行之有效的回收途径等问题。提出电子垃圾回收城市集中区域辐射；分级处理、地方拆分、集中提炼；建立电子租用系统；建立电子垃圾保有量估算模型等建议。并希望通过科普宣传提高市民的意识，结合互联网的发展为电子垃圾的处理提供前期认识，避免盲目投资。

Abstract: In recent years, China’s e-waste production has increased dramatically, coupled with foreign dumping led to the problem is extremely prominent. Some specialists and experts have recommended various recycling models including extended producer responsibility, reverse logistics and mobile e-waste recycling stations. But most these ideal models were made without consideration of the people’s awareness on recycling and market demand. Whether these models are valid depend on the increase in public awareness on e-waste recycling. The investigation on the awareness on the e-waste recycling in China is still limited. In the present study, the awareness and its influencing factors, the responsibility of e-waste disposal were discussed based on a survey with >2000 questionnaires. It carries on various interviews and research, summarizes the importance of environmental protection department’s attention to electronic waste is not high, propaganda is not enough, lack of public awareness, lack of effective way to recover and so on. Proposed electronic waste recycling centralized urban area radiation; grading processing, local split, focus on refining; the establishment of electronic rental system; the establishment of e-waste reserves estimation model and other recommendations. Conclusions and suggestions on the e-waste recycling through the popularization of science to raise public awareness combining with the development of the Internet were made to provide pre-understanding and avoid blind investments.