吴宓人格特质探析：心理传记学的视角

The Personality Traits of Wu Mi: A Psychobiographical Perspective

摘要: 吴宓是主讲英语、文学、历史等课程的大学“全科教师”代表之一。采用人格形容词评定法，由16名汉语言文学专业人士根据简版吴宓传记评定传主的人格特质，通过聚类分析归纳其主要的人格特质，并从心理传记学视角探究其人格特质的成因。结果发现，吴宓的人格特质表现为勇敢独立、真诚自强、才华出众3个主要方面。根据埃里克森的人格发展阶段理论和班杜拉的社会学习理论，这些人格特质的形成和发展受到受家庭氛围、早期教育、婚姻经历、西方浪漫主义文化、当时的社会思潮等多种因素的交互影响。

Abstract: Wu Mi mainly taught English, literature, and history, who was considered as a representative of general teachers in college. Sixteen participants who majored in literature evaluated Wu Mi’s personality characteristics after reading his biography by the Adjective Checklist of Personality. Clustering analysis was applied to conclude Wu Mi’s personality characteristics. The formation of these personality characteristics from a psychobiographical perspective was explored then. The results showed that “courageous and independent”, “sincere and self-strengthening”, “talented and outstanding” were main personality characteristics of Wu Mi. Based on Erikson’s personality development theory and Bandura’s social learning theory, the formation of these personality characteristics could be influenced by family atmosphere, early education, marriage experiences, western romanticism, the social ethos then and their interactions.