基于图像插值误差扩展的可逆医学图像水印
Reversible Medical Image Watermarking Based on Image Interpolation Error Expansion
摘要: 将水印信息嵌入到音频，图像或视频等数字信号中可以保护产品的版权信息。在提取水印信息后，可逆水印图像可以在没有任何失真的情况下恢复原始图像。在本文中，我们利用加法插值误差扩展技术水印数据嵌入到图像的平滑区域中。与以前的水印方法不同，加法插值误差扩展通过对插值误差相加扩展或保持不变来嵌入比特“1”或“0”。由于只对平滑区域的像素进行了轻微的修改，因此保留了图像的高质量。实验结果还表明，与其他最先进的方案相比，所提出的方案可以提供更大的有效载荷容量和更高的图像保真度。
Abstract: Embedding watermark information into audio, image or video digital signals can protect the copy-right information of products. After the watermark information is extracted, the original image can be restored without any distortion in the reversible watermark image. In this paper, we use the additive interpolation error extension method to embed watermark data into the smooth region of the image. Unlike previous watermarking methods, the additive interpolation error expansion embeds bits “1” or “0” by adding or expanding the interpolation error additively. Since only slight modifications have been made to the pixels of the smooth area, the high quality of the image is preserved. The experiment results show that the proposed scheme can provide greater payload capacity and higher image fidelity, compared with other most advanced schemes.
文章引用：苌悦, 王晅. 基于图像插值误差扩展的可逆医学图像水印[J]. 计算机科学与应用, 2018, 8(4): 480-486. https://doi.org/10.12677/CSA.2018.84053

参考文献

[1] Hu, J.K., Chen, H.H. and Hou, T.W. (2010) A Hybrid Public Key Infrastructure Solution (HPKI) for HIPAA Privacy/Security Regula-tions. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 32, 274-280. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[2] Tan, C.K., Ng, J.C., Xu, X.T., et al. (2011) Security Protection of DICOM Medical Images Using Dual-Layer Reversible Watermarking with Tamper Detection Capability. Journal of Digital Imaging, 24, 528-540. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Deng, X.H., Chen, Z.G., Deng, X.H., et al. (2011) A Novel Dual-Layer Re-versible Watermarking for Medical Image Authentication and EPR Hiding. Advanced Science Letters, 4, 3678-3684. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[4] Nayak, J., Bhat, P.S., Acharya, U.R., et al. (2009) Efficient Storage and Transmission of Digital Fundus Images with Patient Information Using Reversible Watermarking Technique and Error Control Codes. Journal of Medical Systems, 33, 163-171. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[5] Vinoth, K.C. and Natarajan, V. (2016) Hybrid Local Prediction Error-Based Difference Expansion Reversible Watermarking for Medical Images. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 53, 333-345. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[6] Turuk, M.P. and Dhande, A.P. (2016) A Novel Reversible Multiple Medical Image Watermarking for Health Information System. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
[7] 陈亮, 刘惠文, 邓小鸿. 基于整数小波变换的数字图像可逆水印算法[J]. 计算机应用与软件, 2016, 33(4): 286-291.
[8] Luo, L., Chen, Z., Chen, M., et al. (2010) Reversible Image Watermarking Using Interpolation Technique. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics & Security, 5, 187-193. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]