四川地区风能资源时空特征分析
Spatio-Temporal Characteristics Analysis of Wind Energy Resources in Sichuan Province
摘要: 使用四川省1979~2018年逐小时风速观测资料，通过统计分析的方法研究四川省10 m和100 m处平均风速的水平分布特征，季节平均的风速分布特征，并且选取平均风速大值区为代表研究平均风速大值区的小时平均风速的变化趋势，月平均风速的变化趋势以及年平均风速的变化趋势。通过计算风功率密度，分析风功率密度的分布特征，选取风功率密度大值区为代表的研究其月变化特征和年变化特征从而得出适合风能利用的年月以及地区。并研究了风的无量纲幂指函数。结果表明：(1) 年平均风速在四川省表现出西南至东北的空问分布特征，这和四川省季节平均的风速水平分布是一致的。且春天的平均风速高于其他季节。(2) 通过分析风速大值区平均风速可知，最大值均出现在8时左右，最小值出现在10~12时。三地月平均风速最小值均出现在5~6月，月平均风速成最大值出现在10~12月。(3) 四川省年平均风功率密度呈东西型的空间分布特征，四川省年平均风功率密度也呈现出东北–西南型的空间分布特征。(4) 选取丹巴和德昌两个风功率密度大值区研究风功率密度大值区月平均风功率密度和年平均风功率密度的变化，通过分析可知德昌和丹巴两地的月平均风功率密度最大值均出现在10月左右，前半年即1~6月相比于后半年即7~12月的平均风功率密度的值较小。(5) 四川省平均风速的无量纲幂指函数a在低风速下较不平定，表现出很强的随机性，随着风速的增大，幂指数a呈现出明显增大的趋势并趋于平定。
Abstract: Use hour wind observation data from 1979 to 2018 in Sichuan province, by using the method of statistical analysis research in Sichuan province, 10 m and 100 m in the level of the average wind speed distribution, seasonal average wind speed distribution characteristics, and select the average wind speed greater value represented by research the hours of the average wind speed big value change trend of average wind speed, the change trend of monthly average wind speed and the change trend of annual average wind speed. By calculating the wind power density, the distribution characteristics of wind power density were analyzed. The monthly and annual variation characteristics of wind power density regions were selected as the representative areas to obtain the years and regions suitable for wind energy utilization. The dimensionless exponential function of wind is studied. The results show that: (1) the annual average wind speed shows the spatial dis-tribution from southwest to northeast in Sichuan province, which is consistent with the seasonal average wind speed level distribution in Sichuan province. And the average wind speed in spring is higher than other seasons. (2) according to the analysis of the average wind speed in the region with high value of wind speed, the maximum value all appeared at about 8 o’clock, and the minimum value appeared at 10 - 12 o’clock. The minimum value of monthly average wind speed in the three places appeared in May to June, while the maximum value of monthly average wind speed appeared in October to December. (3) the annual average wind power density of Sichuan province presents the spatial distribution characteristics of east-west type, and the annual average wind power density of Sichuan province also presents the spatial distribution characteristics of the east-southwest type. (4) select Danba and Dechang two wind power density greater value on the wind power density greater value monthly average wind power density and the change of annual average wind power density, through analysis on Johnson and Danba monthly average wind power density maximum value appeared in October or so, the first half of the June 1-compared to the second half of the 7 to 12 month average wind power density of the value of the smaller. (5) the exponential function of the dimensionless average wind speed in Sichuan a less pacify under low wind speed, showed a strong randomness, with the increase of wind speed, the power a presents obvious increase trend and tend to be pacified.
文章引用：张城语, 蔡宏珂, 刘京, 潘子豪. 四川地区风能资源时空特征分析[J]. 自然科学, 2020, 8(6): 587-602. https://doi.org/10.12677/OJNS.2020.86069

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