规划水库坝址水沙特性分析及泥沙防控

Planning Reservoir Dam Site Water and Sediment Characteristics Analysis and Sediment Control

摘要: 根据孙水河流域水资源特性及季节分配特点，流域内的地质、自然状况等，兴建水库对于防洪排涝，解决干旱缺水，保持生态平衡有着至关重要作用。通过对孙水河下游孙水关水文站水文资料的水沙特性分析，采用面积比拟法来推算输沙量、含沙量，通过面积雨量来修正径流量。得出规划中的米市水库具有输沙率大、含沙量高、颗粒粒径大、水大沙大的特性，其泥沙来源、数量及时空变化没有规律可循。在这样多沙的河流上修建水利枢纽，掌握水沙运动和河床冲淤演变情况，调查清楚河流特性及影响因素，选择适当的引水方案及防沙排沙措施，减少泥沙的危害，是水库兴建过程中需要考虑的因素。

Abstract: According to the characteristics of water resources and their seasonal distribution, as well as the geologi-cal and natural conditions in the Sunshui River basin, the construction of reservoirs plays a crucial role in flood control, flood drainage, drought and water balance of nature. Based on the analysis of the character-istics of water and sediment at sunshuiguan hydrologic station in the lower reaches of Sunshui River, the area comparison method is used to calculate the sediment transport and concentration, and the area rainfall is used to modify the runoff. It is concluded that the Cho Gao Reservoir under planning has the characteristics of high sediment transport rate, high sediment content, large particle size and large water and sediment. Building a water conservancy project on such a Sediment-laden River, mastering the movement of water and sediment and the evolution of scouring and silting in the riverbed, investigating clearly the characteristics and influencing factors of the river, and selecting appropriate diversion schemes and measures for sediment control and discharge, reducing the harm of sediment is a factor to be considered in the process of reservoir construction.