副词“够”和“怪”的主观性和主观化比较分析

The Comparative Analysis of the Subjectivity and Subjectivisation of Adverbs “Gou” (够) and “Guai” (怪)

摘要: 本文尝试对副词“够”和“怪”的主观性意义、主观化机制和主观化程度进行探讨，基于语料库，通过对比的方法发现，二者都能表示说话人认为具有较高的程度和出乎意料的情感，但“够”具有一定的距离感，而“怪”则表现出了一定程度的亲近和接纳。在各自的主观化过程中，词语本身的意义、语境的影响以及人们的普遍认知心理都发挥了重要的作用，是形成二者不同的主观性意义的深层原因。通过对二者在句法和篇章上的不同表现，文章还证明了“够”的主观化程度比“怪”高。

Abstract: The essay tries to discuss the subjective meanings, the mechanisms and degree of subjectivisation of “gou” (够) and “guai” (怪). Based on the corpus, the essay draws the conclusions by using a comparative approach: both words express the meaning that the speaker believes that something has reached a high degree and some outer-expectation. “Gou” (够) expresses a sense of distance between the speaker and the object while “guai” (怪) expresses a degree of acceptance. During the course of the subjectivisation, the meaning of the words, the context in which the words often occur and cognitive and pragmatic rules of people all play important roles, and these are the underlying reasons of formation of the two different subjective meanings. Besides, the essay believes that the subjectivity of “gou” (够) is higher than that of “guai” (怪) through the evidences from syntax and text.