上海滨江森林公园土壤镉元素含量分布特征

Characteristics of the Soil Heavy Metal Cadmium in Shanghai Binjiang Forest Park

摘要: 以上海滨江森林公园为研究对象，按照公园空间分布特征和功能区域划分，将研究区域划分为香樟林、广玉兰林、特色植物观赏区、西南区和东南区5个片区，对每个片区的土壤层进行分层取样(0~10、10~20、20~30、30~50、50~100 cm)，使用等离子电感耦合质谱仪(ICP-MS)分析土壤中重金属元素镉(Cd)的元素含量在园区内的分布状况，根据单项污染指数法对各片区的污染状况进行了评价。研究结果表明：滨江森林公园各片区的表层土壤0~10 cm重金属元素Cd的含量分别为香樟林0.351 mg/kg，广玉兰林0.321 mg/kg，特色植物观赏区0.327 mg/kg，西南区0.317 mg/kg，东南区0.309 mg/kg。随着土层深度增加，土壤中Cd元素含量呈逐渐下降趋势。该地区的土壤各层(0~10、10~20、20~30、30~50 cm) Cd元素含量均值分别为0.323 mg/kg、0.267 mg/kg、0.244 mg/kg和0.210 mg/kg。该地区土壤中Cd元素背景值为0.261 mg/kg，与国家土壤环境质量标准相比，该地区Cd 含量处于国家土壤质量II类标准范围。单因子污染指数法的计算结果表明，该地区Cd元素含量与上海市土壤重金属Cd含量背景值相近，处于污染临界值。

Abstract: Shanghai Binjiang Forest Park was investigated as the main study area based on the characteristics of distribution and divisions of functional area. This area was divided into 5 districts which were Cinnamonum campora stands, Magnoliagrandiflora stands, Ornamental plants, Southwest area and Southeast area. We used ICP-MS to analyze the Cadmium (Cd) concentrations, and analyzed the data with SFPI (Single Factor Pollution Index methods) to evaluate the pollution situation of the heavy metal Cd in the soil of these areas .The results showed that the soil concentrations of Cd at 0 - 10 cm in C. campora stands, M. grandiflora stands, Ornamental plants, Southwest area and Southeast area were 0.351 mg/kg, 0.321mg/kg, 0.327 mk/kg and 0.309mg/kg, respectively. The values of Cd concentrations gradually declined with the depth of soil raised. Compared with the national standard of soil quality category, the background values (0.261 mg/kg) of soil Cd concentrations in Binjiang forest park were at the range of national standard of soil quality II which indicated that there were no significant effects on vegetation and environment. The results of SFPI showed that these areas were at the contaminative critical state compared with the Shanghai background level.