基于扩展区块链的数据共享方案

Data Sharing Scheme Based on Extended Blockchain

摘要: 近年来，数据已经成为各行各业的宝贵财富，传统的数据共享大多依赖第三方机构，这种集中式的存储和共享方式存在两个关键的挑战，一个是实现数据的安全和隐私保护存储，另一个是如何实现数据的共享，确保共享过程的安全性。针对以上问题，本文提出一个基于扩展区块链的数据共享方案，该方案结合区块链、存储服务器和加密技术，以创建一个可靠和安全的环境。链下存储服务器以加密形式存储原始数据，而数据的散列信息存储在区块链上。密码学技术用于处理数据加密和消息数字签名。与此同时，该方案使用扩展区块结构提供了一个灵活的授权访问模型，数据所有者可以在任何时间更改权限集，添加或撤消数据请求者对自己数据的访问权限，同时对第三方服务器的行为进行有效监督。实验及分析表明，该方案能够实现安全数据共享。

Abstract: In recent years, the data have become precious wealth of all walks of life. Traditional data sharing mostly rely on third parties, and this centralized way of storing and sharing has two key challenge: one is to realize the data storage security and privacy protection, and the other concern is how to realize the sharing of data and ensure the security of the sharing process. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a data sharing scheme based on extended blockchain, which combines blockchain, storage server and encryption technology to create a reliable and secure environment. The offchain storage server stores the raw data in encrypted form, and the hash information of the data is stored on the blockchain. Cryptography is used to deal with data encryption and message digital signature. At the same time, the solution uses an extended block structure to provide a flexible authorization access model where data owners can change the permission set at any time, add or revoke access to their data from data requesters, and effectively monitor the behavior of third-party servers. The experiment and analysis show that the scheme can realize secure data sharing.