标题:
BTBR T~(+)tf/J小鼠：孤独症谱系障碍理想的动物模型BTBR T~(+)tf/J Mouse: An Ideal Animal Model for Autism Spectrum Disorders
作者:
王冰, 杜琳, 单玲, 李洪华, 冯俊燕, 贾飞勇
关键字:
孤独症谱系障碍, 动物模型, BTBR小鼠ASD, Animal Model, BTBR Mice
期刊名称:
《International Journal of Psychiatry and Neurology》, Vol.3 No.3, 2014-10-21
摘要:
孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorders, ASD)是一组起源于儿童早期的以社会交往交流障碍和重复刻板的行为和兴趣为主要症状的神经发育性障碍。目前研究表明，ASD存在遗传基础，并在一定的环境诱导下发病，包括母体免疫因素、自身免疫紊乱及自然环境因素等，且存在脑发育的异常。但ASD的病因及发病机制尚不完全明确，尚需我们进一步研究。动物模型是评价实验结果的重要依据，确立合适的ASD模型是实验的基础。由于ASD是多因素引起的、可能涉及多种病理机制的疾病，能否选择精准复制ASD病理特征和临床症状的动物模型对ASD的深入研究具有重大意义。BTBR T~(+)tf/J (简称BTBR)小鼠是一种近交系小鼠，它不仅具有ASD的核心症状：社交减少、社交场合中发出的超声波少、重度的重复理毛行为；同时还具备与ASD类似的脑发育异常以及免疫生化指标异常。因此，BTBR小鼠是目前研究自闭症的理想模型，本文就BTBR小鼠与ASD的关系进行总结。Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex heterogeneous of neuro developmental disorders which originate from the early childhood with the core symptoms of impaired communication, social impairments, and restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. Research has so far indicated that ASD exists genetic basis and may be induced bursting out under certain conditions which include the factors such as maternal immunity, autoimmune disorder, natural environment etc., and children with ASD exist cerebral dysplasia. However, the pathogenesis of ASD is still inadequately understood which needs us to make further study on it. Animal model can be used as an important basis for evaluating the experimental results. Therefore, to establish an appropriate ASD model is the foundation of experiment. Since ASD is a kind of disease caused by many factors and may include many kinds of pathogenetic mechanisms, whe- ther we can choose an animal model which can accurately replicate the pathological and clinical features of ASD is of great significance for the further research of ASD. BTBR T~(+)tf/J (BTBR for short) mice is a kind of inbred strain mice which not only possesses the core symptoms such as reduction of social intercourse, lack of ultrasonic on social occasions and severe repeated grooming behavior, but also possesses cerebral dysplasia and immune biochemical index abnormalities similar to ASD. Based on this, BTBR mice is currently the ideal model for the study of autism. The aim of this article is to summarize the relationship between BTBR mice and ASD.